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  • oilseed rape  (7)
  • zinc deficiency  (4)
  • Triticum  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Residual effects of subsoil zinc and oilseed rape genotype on the grain yield and distribution of zinc in wheat (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 207 (1998), S. 29-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: canola ; oilseed rape ; root ; subsoil residual Zn ; wheat ; Zn loading ; Zn uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The residual effects of Zn supplied (+Zn: 1 mg kg−1 soil, -Zn: no Zn added) in subsoil to four oilseed rape genotypes (Zhongyou 821, Xinza 2 and Narendra: Brassica napus type, and CSIRO-1: Brassica juncea type) were studied on the following wheat in a glasshouse experiment in pots (100 cm long, 10.5 cm diameter). The topsoil (upper 20 cm soil in pots) was supplied with Zn (0.5 mg kg−1 soil) in all treatments whereas Zn (1 mg Zn kg−1 dry soil) was either supplied or omitted from the subsoil at time of sowing of oilseed rape genotypes. Oilseed rape plants were harvested at maturity and wheat (variety Songlen) was grown to evaluate the residual effects of subsoil Zn and oilseed rape genotypes. Subsoil residual Zn significantly improved the root growth, yield attributes, grain and straw yield of wheat. Wheat grain Zn concentration was 4 times higher in +Zn subsoil residual than under -Zn subsoil residual. Oilseed rape genotypes did not vary in their residual effect on grain and straw yield of wheat, but reflected a differential effect on Zn concentration and Zn content of wheat grain. Zinc uptake per wheat plant (grain + shoot + root Zn uptake) was about 4 times higher in +Zn subsoil residual than -Zn subsoil residual. Out of total Zn uptake per plant, 77%, 15% and 8% of Zn was loaded in wheat grains, shoots and roots respectively in +Zn subsoil residual. However in -Zn subsoil residual, distribution of Zn in grains, shoots and roots was 55%, 29% and 16% respectively. Zinc loading in grains of wheat was significantly higher in wheat grown after Narendra and Xinza 2 compared with wheat grown after Zhongyou 821 (Zn-inefficient genotype). These results indicate that subsoil residual Zn and Zn-efficient genotypes of oilseed rape have the potential to increase the Zn loading in wheat grains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004479911399
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of subsoil zinc on dry matter production, seed yield and distribution of zinc in oilseed rape genotypes differing in zinc efficiency (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 181-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: oilseed rape ; rhizosphere pH ; root growth ; subsoil Zn ; Zn efficiency ; Zn uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The effects of Zn supply (+Zn: 1 mg kg−1 soil, -Zn: no Zn added) in subsoil were examined in three genotypes of Brassica napus (Zhongyou 821, Xinza 2, Narendra) and one genotype of Brassica juncea (CSIRO-1) in a glasshouse experiment in pots (100 cm long, 10.5 cm diameter). The topsoil (upper 20 cm soil in pots) was supplied with Zn in all treatments whereas Zn was either supplied or omitted from the subsoil. Supplying Zn to subsoil significantly increased the root growth in the lower zone, markedly decreased the number of aborted and unfilled pods plant−1 and significantly increased the number of developed pods plant−1, number of seeds pod−1, individual seed weight and overall seed yield. Subsoil Zn also significantly increased the Zn concentration and Zn content of seed and improved the ratio of Zn uptake by seed to total Zn uptake by seed and shoots. These effects of subsoil Zn were more pronounced in Zhongyou 821, Xinza 2 and Narendra compared with CSIRO-1. CSIRO-I had 92% Zn efficiency (ratio of -Zn subsoil seed yield to +Zn subsoil seed yield expressed in percentage) compared with 63% for Zhongyou 821. Among the four genotypes, CSIRO-1 had the lowest Zn concentration in roots and shoots but highest Zn concentration and content in seed, suggesting it has a superior Zn transport mechanism from source (roots) to sink (seed). CSIRO-1 also significantly decreased the rhizosphere pH in lower rooting zone (20-93 cm) in -Zn subsoil treatment compared with +Zn treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004228610138
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential response of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars to low boron supply (1998)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 204 (1998), S. 155-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: boron deficiency ; boron efficiency ; Brassica napus L. ; differential response ; genotype ; oilseed rape
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Three experiments were carried out on an alluvial sandy loam (Udifluvent) at Tonglu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China from 1992 to 1995, to determine the genotypic range in boron (B) efficiency of 16 oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars, to identify the B-efficient cultivars and to identify specific responses which can be utilised for selection in a breeding program. The 16 cultivars which included high-quality and conventional types differed significantly in survival, plant height, leaf area, shoot dry weight and seed yield; however, the ranking of the cultivars for their seed yield or other plant traits differed with B treatment. With severe B deficiency (CaCl2 extractable B 〈 0.26 mg/kg) and no boron applied, none of the cultivars exhibited significant B efficiency, with seed yield 〈300 kg/ha. With moderate B deficiency (CaCl2 extractable B 0.34 mg/kg or 0.17 kg B/ha applied), seed yield varied significantly among the cultivars from 397 to 1889 kg/ha in year 1 and from 616 to 1260 kg/ha in year 3. Zhongyou 821 and 92-13 were the most B-efficient and Wanyou 324, Huashuang 2 and Su 2051 were the most B-inefficient cultivars under moderate B deficiency. Significant differences were found among the cultivars in leaf B concentration; however, there was no close relationship between leaf B concentration and seed yield responses to B of oilseed cultivars. Of all the growth parameters measured, leaf area was the early indicator best correlated with subsequent seed yield and may be useful for evaluating the response of cultivars to low B supply. Contrary to current opinion, it was also found that high-quality oilseed rape cultivars were not all sensitive to low B supply nor were all conventional cultivars B-efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004326217479
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron efficiency in oilseed rape: I. Genotypic variation demonstrated in field and pot grown Brassica napus L. and Brassica juncea L. (2000)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 225 (2000), S. 243-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: boron ; canola ; efficiency ; micronutrient ; mustard ; oilseed rape
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Boron (B) efficiency of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and mustard (B. juncea) genotypes was determined on a low B soil at Mt. Compass, South Australia. B efficiency was observed in oilseed rape genotypes, Zhongyou 821, Dunkeld and Zheyou 2, and in mustard genotypes Pusa Bold and CSIRO 6. Genotypes grown in the field were also grown under glass-house conditions, in pots filled with pre-washed sand extracted from the Mt. Compass field site. Two B treatments, one B adequate (0.25 mg B kg−1 soil) and one B deficient (imposed by omission) were used to indicate whether vegetative response to B could predict final yield response and provide a more convenient selection criterion for identifying B-efficient germplasm. Vegetative response of 35 d old (D35) genotypes grown in pot culture closely reflected field response, indicating the expression of B efficiency traits in early growth, and its potential use in selection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026593528256
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selecting zinc-efficient cereal genotypes for soils of low zinc status (1992)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 146 (1992), S. 241-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Avena sativa ; genotypic differences ; grain zinc ; Hordeum vulgare ; Triticum aestivum ; zinc concentration ; zinc deficiency ; zinc uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Deficiencies of zinc are well known in all cereals and cereal-growing countries. From physiological evidence reported elsewhere, it would appear that a critical level for zinc is required in the soil before roots will either grow into it or function effectively; it is likely the requirement is frequently not met in deep sandy, infertile profiles widespread in southern Australia. Because fertilizing subsoils is impractical, this paper presents arguments for breeding cereal varieties with root systems better able to mobilise zinc from soil sources of low availability. Other agronomic arguments are presented in support of breeding for zinc efficiency. Significant genetic variation for this character is described for wheat, barley and oats. Linkage to other efficiency traits (e.g., manganese) is poor suggesting independent mechanisms and genetic control not linked to gross root system geometry. Zinc efficiency traits for sandy and clayey soils appear to be genetically different. Zinc-efficient genotypes absorb more zinc from deficient soils, produce more dry matter and more grain yield but do not necessarily have the highest zinc concentrations in tissue or grain. Although high grain zinc concentration also appears to be under genetic control, it is not tightly linked to agronomic zinc efficiency traits and may have to be selected for independently. High grain zinc is considered a desirable quality factor which not only contributes to the seedling vigour of the next generation but could increase the nutritional value of the grain in areas where a high dependence on grains for food may result in zinc deficiency in humans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012018
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wheat genotypes differ in Zn efficiency when grown in chelate-buffered nutrient solution (1995)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 176 (1995), S. 317-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: chelate ; copper ; deficiency ; genotypic differences ; iron ; manganese ; phosphorus ; Triticum ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ten Triticum aestivum and two Triticum turgidum conv. durum genotypes differing in Zn efficiency were grown in chelate-buffered nutrient solution at Zn supplies ranging from deficient to sufficient (free Zn activities from 2 to 200 pM, pZn from 11.7 to 9.7). Correlation between the rate of Zn uptake and the Zn efficiency ranking was poor. Uptake of Zn by all genotypes increased linearly with an increase in solution Zn activities, with a slight saturation apparent at 200 pM. Relative amounts of Zn and Fe transported to shoots increased with duration of growth and at higher supply of Zn. With an increase in solution Zn activities, uptake rates of Fe, Mn and Cu dropped in Zn-efficient genotypes and increased in Zn-inefficient ones. While shoot concentrations of Fe did not differ between Zn-efficient and inefficient genotypes at ≥10 pM Zn activity, root Fe concentrations were around 3-fold higher in Zn-efficient genotypes at 2 pM Zn activity. All genotypes accumulated high amounts of P in shoots after 22 d of growth at deficient Zn supply. It is concluded that nutrient interactions, especially at deficient Zn supply, may be influential in determining the level of Zn efficiency of wheat genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011796
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Susceptibility of zinc-deficient wheat plants to colonization byFusarium graminearum Schw. Group 1 (1988)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 112 (1988), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: crown rot ; Fusarium graminearum ; interactions ; wheat ; zinc deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Wheat plants were grown at three levels of zinc nutrition in potted soil under controlled conditions. The surface soil in half of the pots was inoculated with a thin layer of milled chaff colonized byFusarium graminearum Group 1. Forty days after sowing, the plants were assessed for dry matter production and the extent of colonization by the pathogen. The concentration of zinc in the plant tissues was also determined. The zinc status of the plants ranged from severe deficiency through subclinical deficiency to sufficiency. The extent of colonization above the point of infection was decreased significantly by increasing the level of zinc supply. However, colonization of the seminal or secondary roots was not affected by zinc supply, nor was the incidence of infected plants. The unidirectional effect on resistance suggests that zinc has modified the contribution of the xylem flux to the upward spread of the pathogen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02140004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of seed Zn content for wheat growth on Zn-deficient soil (1995)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 173 (1995), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: genotype ; grain yield ; harvest index ; seed nutrient content ; Triticum aestivum L. ; zinc deficiency ; zinc toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (Zn-efficient Excalibur and Zn-inefficient Gatcher) were grown from low-Zn (around 250 ng Zn/seed) and high-Zn seed (around 700 ng Zn/seed) in a Zn-deficient siliceous sand fertilised with 0, 0.05, 0.2, 0.8 or 3.2 mg Zn kg-1 soil. At maturity, plants derived from the high-Zn seed had bigger grains and produced more grains than plants grown from the low-Zn seed when fertilised with nil Zn. Plants grown from high-Zn seed produced more grain dry matter per unit of Zn absorbed by the above-ground parts, transported a larger proportion of absorbed Zn to the grain, and approached the maximum harvest index with the fertilisation rate of 0.05 mg Zn kg-1 compared to 0.2 mg Zn kg-1 soil required for plants derived from the low-Zn seed. The Zn-efficient cv. Excalibuir had greater fertiliser efficiency when fertilised with 0.05 mg Zn kg-1 soil and a greater harvest index at nil Zn treatment compared to the Zn-inefficient cv. Gatcher. Zn-deficient plants produced seed with higher concentrations of all inorganic nutrients determined except Zn. There was a positive relationship between grain dry weight and Zn concentrations in youngest expanded blades sampled at 6 weeks of growth. It is concluded that crops grown from seed containing higher Zn content have a distinct advantage which culminates in greater yield when grown in soils of low Zn status.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011464
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wheat genotypes differ in Zn efficiency when grown in chelate-buffered nutrient solution (1995)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 176 (1995), S. 307-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: chelate ; deficiency ; genotypic differences ; growth ; screening ; Triticum ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Ten Triticum aestivum and two Triticum turgidum conv. durum genotypes were grown in chelate-buffered nutrient solution at Zn supplies ranging from deficient to sufficient (free Zn activities from 2 to 200 pM, pZn from 11.7 to 9.7). The critical level of Zn ion activity in solution for healthy growth of wheat plants was around 40 pM. Genotypes differed in the growth response: those classified as Zn-efficient suffered less reduction of shoot growth and did not change the rate of root growth at a Zn supply quite deficient for Zn-inefficient genotypes. Root growth of Zn-inefficient genotypes increased at deficient Zn supply. The shoot/root ratio was the most sensitive parameter of Zn efficiency; Zn-efficient genotypes showed less reduction in the ratio when grown at deficient compared to sufficient Zn supply. Classification of wheat genotypes into Zn-efficient and Zn-inefficient groups after screening in chelate-buffered nutrient solution corresponded well with classification obtained in field experiments on Zn-deficient soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011795
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zinc efficiency of oilseed rape (t Brassica napus and t B. juncea) genotypes (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 191 (1997), S. 123-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: canola ; mustard ; oilseed rape ; root ; zinc deficiency ; zincefficiency ; zinc uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Twenty five genotypes of oilseed rape (canola and mustard) were tested under varied supply of Zn (+Zn: 2 mg kg−1 soil, -Zn: no Zn added) in two pot experiments in soil culture to determine the genotypic variation in tolerance to the Zn-deficient conditions, that is, to identify the Zn-efficient genotypes. On the basis of performance of genotypes in pot experiments, ten genotypes were tested in 1995 for their performance under varied supply of Zn (+Zn: 3.5 kg ha−1, -Zn: no Zn added) on a Zn-deficient field in South Australia. Zn efficiency (ratio of shoot dry matter in -Zn to shoot dry matter in +Zn treatment and expressed in percentage) in pot Experiment 1 varied from 35% for 92-13 to 74% for Siren. Narendra, Dunkeld, Barossa, Oscar and Xinza 2 performed well under -Zn treatment. Zn efficiency in Experiment 2 varied from 32% for Wuyou 1 to 62% for Pusa Bold. Pusa Bold and CSIRO-1(mustard genotypes) were the most efficient in terms of dry matter production among all the oilseed rape genotypes tested. Root dry matter accumulation was significantly higher in Zn-efficient genotypes. Zn efficiency (ratio of seed yield in -Zn to seed yield in +Zn and expressed in percentage) in field experiment varied from 62% for Huashang 2 to 76% for Dunkeld. With few exceptions, the ranking of genotypes in pot and field experiments indicates similarity in their response to Zn deficiency. There looks to be genetic control over Zn concentration in tissues. Zn-efficient genotypes had lower Zn concentration in roots and higher Zn concentration in youngest fully opened leaf blades, indicating a better transport of Zn. This, together with a higher Zn uptake, appears to be the basis of expression of Zn efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004289422276
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