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  • 1
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    Investigstion on Effect prepared vaccine by Y-ray on production rate and resistance to white spot disease in Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: White Spot Disease (WSD) is a important disease due to economic impacts in shrimp industries. Spreading of this disease in shrimp farms can caused a 100% mortality during 3-10 days. Therefore control of this disease is a strategy in shrimp industry. Vaccination is a way to control of WSD. In several years ago during a project several type vaccine of this virus by association of Atomic Energy Organization is produced that among of them the virus inactivated by GAMA radiation had better results in laboratory. To test of this vaccine in field, a research pilot was carried out. Initially 20000 shrimp napliies were obtained from one of commercial hatchery in Bushehr province, then devided to two groups vaccinated and unvaccinated. The vaccinated group also devided . 26and PL12 , group B vaccinated at PL15and PL 5to two groups, group A that vaccinated at postlarva e (PL) Rrsults showed that difference of growth performance and survival rate between vaccinated and unvaccinated without challenge with WSV after 80 days is not significantly (P〈0.05). but survival rate in vaccinated groups after challenge with WSV was significantly (P〈0.05) further the unvaccinated group. Also the results showed survival rate of group B after challenge with WSV is better than group A and this difference was significantly (P〈0.05). this study showed vaccination of shrimp postlarvae with GAMA radiation vaccine can control of shrimp mortality in incidence of WSD in farms.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei ; WSSV ; Gamma radiation ; Vaccination ; Y-ray ; White spot disease ; Shrimp ; Nauplii ; Growth ; Survival rate ; Mortality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 65pp.
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  • 2
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    Epidemiological study on some environmental and management parameters affecting on WSD occurrence in Fenneropenaeus indicus and Penaeus vannamei (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: For the first time white spot disease (WSD) was reported in shrimp farms of khoozestan province, in southwest of IRAN in 2002. Then in 2005 the neighbor province, boushehr, was contaminated. In 2008 WSD outbreak reported in sistan-bloochestan province in southeast of Iran. In 2015 all of southern shrimp farms of country except Hormozgan, the middle southern province, which has remained free of WSD, are being contaminated. White Spot disease suspended shrimp culture in thousands hectares of shrimp farms. Considering that white spot disease has not been observed in Hormozgan province yet, the question is; to what extent environmental and management factors participated in preventing WSD outbreak or cause WSD outbreak. In this study (20102012), the effects of environmental factors and management, stressors that decrease immune system function of shrimp are discussed. In addition, the role of pathogen as the main factor of outbreak is discussed. The goal of this study is to define environmental parameters and management practices associates with outbreak of white spot disease in affected provinces and discover reasons of being Hormozgan province free of this disease. In this study the role of the local environmental factors and management practice stressors in susceptibility to WSD was determine. Both the effects of environmental factors in water of ponds including total ammonia, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, transparency, and temperature and management issues related to biosecurity are studied. There were overlaps on physical and chemical parameter values obtained in clear areas with contaminated areas .Results of the data analysis suggest that lack of association with WSD incidence was 7 times greater than WSD incidence despite of disease outbreak in sistan-bloochestan province, so other sources of white spot disease virus incidence was suspected in affected areas. Histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during project performance did not reveal white spot disease virus evidences in post larvae examined from khoozestan province stocked in farms but disease outbreak was happened in that farms , so we suspected to management practice include feed , pond preparation and carrier of disease . Recorded values of temperature and salinity in some months during inspection in Hormozgan province specified stressful condition that may lead to WSD outbreak, however the disease did not appear. Therefore the hypothesis that the water physical and chemical conditions are reasons to prevent disease outbreak in Hormozgan province is being rejected. The policy of Hormozgan’s fishery authorities, to replaced Fenneropenaeus indicus with specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei, that is more resistant to some of diseases, before incidence of WSD in farms and to before being endemic in the Hormozgan province, made an advantage compare to affected southern provinces that introduced Litopenaeus vannamei after WSD prevalence to their farms. However it does not guarantee to maintain current trend of being Hormozgan province farms free of white spot disease. Therefore establishing the principals of biosecurity are strongly emphasized. Strategies taken by the proficient authorities in preparation of SPF shrimp broodstock can be the most important factor in preventing WSD. Regarding biosecurity principals purchased feed must be free of shrimp head powder. Construction the new shrimp farms should be as far as it could be away from contaminated areas.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Environmental ; Physical ; Chemical ; Epidemiological study ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Penaeus vannamei ; Shrimp ; White Spot Disease ; Temperature ; Salinity ; PCR ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ammonia ; Nitrogen ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Transparency
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 468pp.
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  • 3
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    The Status of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in Islamic Republic of Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the causative virus of disease, is found in most shrimp farming areas in Iran, and it cause large economic losses to the shrimp farming industry. Shrimp aquaculture is an important industry in Iran and plays an important role in aquaculture production. The shrimp production in 2012 was more than 12000 metric tonnes and it is estimated it will reach 20000 tonnes in 2013.White spot syndrome virus is highly virulent in shrimp farms and can spread quickly and - cause up to 100% mortality within 3-7 days. The virus is a very large, enveloped, double stranded DNA (ds DNA) and assigned by ICTV to a new genus Whispovirus and belong to Nimaviridae family. In Iran WSSV first appeared in Khuzestan Province in the south of Iran and later on it appeared in other provinces such as Bushehr, and Sistan and Baluchestan. The aim of this review is to give current information of WSSV in Iran, host ranges, carriers, biology, clinical signs, histopathology, PCR, with emphasis on the effects of WSSV in shrimp aquaculture.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Biology ; Physiology ; Whispovirus ; Nimaviridae ; WSSV ; Shrimp ; Disease ; Aquaculture
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1021-1055
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  • 4
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    The comparative of histopathological study of different organs in vaccination, nonvaccination and exposed to white spot disease in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei during the study (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent responsible for huge-shrimp viral epidemics in shrimp farms throughout the world.Our study was aimed to determine the effect of WSSV Gamma-vaccinated Litopenaeus vannamei in occurrence of apoptosis. One thousand and twenty PL15 were randomly distributed among 2 treatments and two control groups. Gama-Vaccinated shrimp and none-Gamma-vaccinated ones were our treated and untreated groups. Our result showed there is a significant difference (p〈.05) between vaccinatedexposed group (82.33±2.51) and none-vaccinated exposed group (26.00±10.00) was about 56%. It is concluded that apoptosis can be a helpful process as immune function in shrimp especially against WSSV.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Histopathological ; Vaccination ; White Spot Disease ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; WSSV ; Gamma ; Immune
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 30pp.
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  • 5
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    A study on the status of shrimp diseases in Iran and whole the world and to present the best practice management in shrimp farms (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Shrimp culture in Chabahar in the Sistan and Belochestan province is one of the most important potential for development. From 1386 the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) observed and collapsed all activity in this area. This virus hugged mortality in the world and in Iran from 1381 in Abadan area this disease induced high mortality in shrimp culture. Different methods applied for prevention WSSV in the world and the main methods consist of used specific pathogen free post larvae, immune stimulant, biosecurity and vaccine. Biosecurity is the best method for prevention the WSSV disease and include different part such as used crab fence, low stocking density, used best quality PL, aeration in the pond and sanitation all equipment and farm. Temperatures play an important role in outbreak of disease. Because in Chabahar area the culture time is in the monsoon season and changing the temperature in this season is trigger factor for WSSV outbreak. In this research study we recommended the season’s culture changing from August to March for prevention the temperature variation in this area and applied biosecurity for control the WSSV outbreak.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Shrimp ; Culture ; WSSV
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 66pp.
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  • 6
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    Role of aflatoxin B1 on hematological factors, histopathological changes, tissue residual, growth and survival rate of Fenneropenaeus indicus (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Role of aflatoxin B1 on hematological indexes, histopathological changes, tissue residual, growth and survival rate of Fenneropenaeus indicus Some similar cases of aflatoxin chronic poisoning were reported from cultured shrimps in Iran. In this study, Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, with a weight of 11.79 ± 1.76 grams were fed with diets containing 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of AFB1 for 8 weeks. Growth performances, survival rate, residue in muscles and cephalothorax, hematological and histopathological changes were determined after 4 and 8 weeks. The results showed that after 8 week of feeding shrimps with values of 20, 50 and 100 ppb aflatoxin B1, did not affect the growth rate, but with increased levels of Aflatoxin B1 in feed, the growth is reduced and the correlation (r) minus the final weight equal to - 0.312. After eight weeks doses of AFB1 in the diets showed negative correlation to the survival rate, total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP) equal to -0.603, -0.237 and -0.649 respectively. Histopathological changes were variety necrosis, degeneration and atrophy of epithelial and secretory cells lining the tubules, infiltration of fibroblasts in the walls of hepatopancreas tubules, separated muscle bundles in Muscle tissues and intestinal mucosal necrosis and detachment. Possible amelioration was examined by feeding control and treated shrimp (after eight weeks exposure to AFB1) by dietary without AFB1 for four weeks. The Recovery was observed in all parameters of 20, 50, 100 and 200 ppb AFB1 treatments but shrimps fed with the 1600 ppb and 800 ppb concentrations of AFB1 exhibited slower growth, more reddish discoloration disseminated over the body and lack of consistency in the hepatopancreas at 4th week recovery period. After eight weeks, the highest level of aflatoxin B1 residues in shrimp muscles was observed in 100 ppb treatment that its value was 1.55 ppb, but the highest level of aflatoxin B1 residues in cephalothorax was observed in 1600 ppb treatment that its value was 7.1 ppb. In terms of public health, these amounts of aflatoxin in shrimp body are less than permissible limit for human consumption.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Histopathological ; Fungus ; Mycotoxin ; Shrimp ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Tissue ; Survival
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 88pp.
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  • 7
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    The effects of brown algae Sargassum angustifolium extract on growth performance, survival and Vibriosis resistance in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2017)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study, the effect of ethanolic extracts of Sargassum angustifolium on growth and survival of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei juvenile was investigated under challenge with shrimp pathogen bacteria Vibrio harveyi. Powder form of the extract was bioencapsulated in Artemia and fed to L. vannamei juvenile reared as 5 groups inclouding C- (unenriched Artemia, without bacteria), C+ (unenriched Artemia, with bacteria), T1 (enriched Artemia with 200 mg l-1 SA extract, with bacteria), T2 (enriched Artemia with 400 mg l-1 SA extract, with bacteria), T3 (enriched Artemia with 600 mg l-1 SA extract, with bacteria). One week after culture all groups except C- were inoculated with V. harveyi at the rate of 1.5 × 108 CFU ml-1 for 15 minutes then after every water exchange 10 ml of V. harveyi at the rate of 1.5 × 107 CFU ml-1 was added to aquaria. Shrimps at group C- showed maximum survival (86.6%), specific growth rate (SGR, 11.33%) and less bacterial load (0.5 ± 0.03× 102 CFU g-1 tissue). While (C2) exhibited lowest survival (33.3%), SGR (9.90%) and more bacterial load (3.4 ± 0.05× 105 CFU g-1 tissue) and the difference was significant (p〈0.05). In treatment groups survival and SGR were significantly (p〈0.05) more than C+ and less than C-, also bacterial load were less than C+ and more than C-. Among treatment groups T2 that fed with enriched artemia with 400 mg l-1 SA extract gave better results than the other treatments
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Sargassum angustifolium ; Ethanolic Extract ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Vibrio harveyi ; Shrimp ; Growth ; Survival ; Algae
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.31-41
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  • 8
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    Survey on unwanted organisms in shrimp farms in Helleh Region of Bushehr Province, Iran (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Unwanted organisms of five shrimp farms in Bushehr were studied from September to December 1997 in a culture period. In a random and systematic sampling 2 species of wild shrimp, 13 species of fish, 2 species of carb, one species of barnacles, 2 species of sea weeds, and 2 group of birds were collected and identified. These organisms are considered as pests, food competitors, predators and diseases vectors that with increasing food conversion, hunting mechanical injuries, stress and diseases take important part in decreasing the shrimp production. The best way of eliminating them is to avoid them entering in shrimp farms by paying enough attention to ponds and farms.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Mechanical injuries ; Stress ; Survey ; Organisms ; Shrimp ; Farms ; Sampling ; Species ; Fish ; Carb ; Barnacles ; Food competitors ; Predators ; Diseases vectors ; stress diseases ; Seaweeds
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.107-113
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  • 9
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    (Fenneropenaeus indicus) study on protozoa emerging diseases of shrimp (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Certain diseases such as bacterial , viruses, parasirtic ones Protozoa parasites Could severe mortalities in farmed shrimp last decades. Two hundred and seventy Fenneropenaeus indicus with the weight of 10± 1.09 were selected , transferred to Iran Shrimp Center and distributed to the treatmentsand controls (3 groups). The objective of our study was to describe the signs, prevalence, and intensity of Hemocytosis, a new disease in shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus. The experimental design included three groups, one treatment as infected shrimp or group B and 2 controls with non-infected but exposure to White Spot Syndrom Virus (WSSV) shrimp as group A and non-infected non- exposure to WSSV shrimp as group C in triplicate. The results revealed that Hemocytosis associated with a decrease in hyalinocytes and large-granulocytes (less than 8%) and a considerable increase in semi-granulocytes in group A and B in contrast to group C that Hyalinocyte increased. This infection made the shrimp susceptible to WSSV disease. It is believed that Hemocytosis causes a condition which can result in a rapid mortality among susceptible species, F. indicus when exposure to WSSV is occurred.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: White Spot Syndrome Virus ; Fenneropenaeus vannemai ; Challenge ; Protozoa ; Shrimp ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Bacterial ; Parasites ; Mortalities ; Hemocytosis ; Hyalinocyte ; Species ; F.indicus
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 56pp.
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  • 10
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    A study on immunological factors in White Spot Vaccinated shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei in comparison to none vaccinated groups (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of white spot virus vaccine produced by gamma iradiation in the face of Litopenaeus vannamei in comparison with Gracilaria corticata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Seven hundred and twenty healthy shrimp SPF L. vannamei subadult with average weight of 10±1.02 g were collected and divided into 8 groups. The first group (T1) was fed with commercial pellet as control. The second group (T2) was fed with S. cerevisiae added to shrimp feed (1 g/Kg), the third group (T3) G. corticata so that algae Gracilaria were dried and added to shrimp feed at the rate of 1500 mg per kg and finally, the fourth group (T4) was vaccination group which the shrimp were exposed to the vaccine and injected intramuscularly gamma irradiant WSSV (1µl/gbw) for 10 days. The shrimps of all groups were then injected with WSSV and maintained for 25 days. Results indicated that the survival rates for groups T4, T3 T2 and T1 were 57.05±3.52%, 22.5±0.5%, 15±1.05% and 00.0±0%, respectively. Ultimately, at the end of the study the shrimp group T4 showed higher hematological data: THC, TPP, SOD, POD and PO. The study concluded that gamma irradiant WSSV is effective immunostimulants in shrimp L. vannamei and the immunity has better performances than those of the G. corticata and S. cerevisiae.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Gracilaria corticata ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Shrimp
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 54pp.
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