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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response ofDendroctonus brevicomis Le Conte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to different release rates and ratios of aggregation semiochemicals and the inhibitors verbenone and ipsdienol (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 2931-2941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; Dendroctonus brevicomis ; western pine beetle ; aggregation ; verbenone ; ipsdienol ; inhibitors ; antiaggregants ; doseresponse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The response of western pine beetle,Dendroctonus brevicomis Le Conte, to different release rates of the aggregation semiochemicals (attractants)exo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene and the inhibitors verbenone and ipsdienol was investigated. Release rates of verbenone ranging from 0.18 mg/ 24 hr to 1.2 mg/24 hr did not result in significant reductions in mean trap catch ofD. brevicomis. In contrast, very low release rates of ipsdienol (0.02–0.4 mg/24 hr) significantly reduced trap catch compared to controls. The combination of verbenone and ipsdienol, released at rates above 0.09 and 0.02 mg/24 hr, respectively, resulted in significantly lower trap catches ofD. brevicomis in attractant-baited traps. Results of an experiment testing a factorial combination of different release rates of verbenone and attractants suggest that response is not ratio-specific. The response curve ofD. brevicomis to the levels of verbenone was similar across all levels of attractants, while the response to equivalent ratios of attractants to verbenone was not similar, suggesting that the behavior of the beetles is primarily influenced by the absolute release rate of verbenone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02098399
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of aggregation inhibitors (verbenone and ipsidenol) on landing and attack behavior ofDendroctonus brevicomis (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 1617-1629 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus brevicomis ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; Pinus ponderosa ; aggregation ; verbenone ; ipsdienol ; pheromone ; inhibitors ; tree protection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of the aggregation inhibitors verbenone and ipsdienol on the response of western pine beetle,Dendroctonus brevicomis, to attractive host trees was investigated. Paired ponderosa pine trees (Pinus ponderosa) were baited with aggregation semiochemicals to stimulate mass attack. One tree in each pair received an inhibitor treatment consisting of five sets of two verbenone and two ipsdienol dispensers spaced 1 m apart vertically along the tree bole. Beetle landing was monitored with sticky traps on the tree bole, and attack density was assessed from bark samples removed four or seven days after baiting. The inhibitor treatment resulted in a significant reduction of both the numbers of beetles landing on trees and the density of attacking beetles compared to control trees (without inhibitors). The ratios of beetle landing density to attacking density were not different between inhibitor-treated and control trees, nor were the vertical distributions of beetles landing or attacking, suggesting that beetle behavior was primarily influenced at a longer range, prior to landing on the tree. Although the application of verbenone and ipsdienol did not preventD. brevicomis from attacking baited trees, our results suggest that when applied to unattacked (and unbaited) trees, their effectiveness at reducing the attack pressure might allow trees having a certain amount of resistance to survive attack by pioneer beetles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02059884
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