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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biotransformation of aromatic aldehydes bySaccharomyces cerevisiae: Investigation of reaction rates (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 4 (1989), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: l-Phenylacetyl carbinol ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeast ; Benzaldehyde ; Biotransformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The rate of production ofl-phenylacetyl carbinol bySaccharomyces cerevisiae in reaction mixtures containing benzaldehyde with sucrose or pyruvate as cosubstrate was investigated in short 1 h incubations. The effect of yeast dose rate, sucrose and benzaldehyde concentration and pH on the rate of reaction was determined. Maximum biotransformation rates were obtained with concentrations of benzaldehyde, sucrose and yeast of 6 g, 40 g and 60 g/l, respectively. Negligible biotransformation rates were observed at a concentration of 8 g/l benzaldehyde. The reaction had a pH optimum of 4.0–4.5. Rates of bioconversion of benzaldehyde and selected substituted aromatic aldehydes using both sucrose and sodium pyruvate as cosubstrate were compared. The rate of aromatic alcohol production was much higher when sucrose was used rather than pyruvate.o-Tolualdehyde and 1-chlorobenzaldehyde were poor substrates for aromatic carbinol formation although the latter produced significant aromatic alcohol in sucrose-containing media. Yields of 2.74 and 3.80 g/l phenylacetyl carbinol were produced from sucrose and pyruvate, respectively, in a 1 h reaction period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569693
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the reductive biotransformation of selected carbonyl compounds by whole cells and extracts of baker's yeast, Saccharomyces carevisiae (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 1280-1284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; biotransformation ; oxidoreductases ; carbonyl ; stereospecific ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The progress of reductive biotransformations of a variety of earbonyl compounds by whole cells of baker's yeast was monitored with time. Biotransformations rates ranged from 0.11 to 112.12 mg product formed per g dry yeast per h. While rapid biotransformations of citronellal and ethyl benzoylformate were observed, complete conversion of substrate to product did not occur. Reductive conversions of ethyl- and methyl-acetoacetate went to completion in 6 and 12 h respectively. Ethyl mandelate was produced stereoselectively, favoring the (R)- stereoisomer and ethyl and methyl-3-hydroxybutyrate were produced with (S)-enantiospecificity. Yeast crude extract and resuspended presence of NAD(P)H. Ethyl benzoylformate and methyl-and ethyl-acetoacetate were preferentially reduced by yeast crude extract as compared to resuspended pellet and, in the case of the former two substrates, the reaction manifested a preference for NADPH over NADH.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260381104
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reductive biotransformations of organic compounds by saccharomyces cerevisiae: Study of oxidoreductases involved using electrophoretic zymograms (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 39 (1992), S. 457-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; biotransformations ; zymograms ; carbonyl reduction ; baker's yeast ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The role of oxidoreductases in reduction of carbonyl compounds was investigated by application of zymogram techniques. Eight bands were observed using ethanol with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as coenzyme. Bands observed with lactic acid and (R)-(-)-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) had similar Rm values. 2-Hydroxyvalerate and malate manifested bands having similar Rm values and were active with both NAD and NADP. Based on their structural similarity and identical Rm values, oxidation of 1,4-cyclooctanediol (band #2) and cis-1,5-cyclooctanediol may be due to a common enzyme. The PAGE-zymogram technique may be used on a preparative scale to facilitate purification and full characterization on the observed stained bands.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260390413
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reductive biotransformation by wild type and mutant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in aqueous-organic solvent biphasic systems (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 39 (1992), S. 870-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; benzyl alcohol ; reductive biotransformation ; biphasic systems ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Whole cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae analyzed the conversion of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol in aqueous-organic biphasic media. Reaction rate increased dramatically as moisture content of the solvent was increased in the range 0% to 2%. The highest biotransformation rates were observed when hexane was used as organic solvent. Benzaldehyde was also converted to benzyl alcohol by a cell-free crude extract in biphasic systems containing hexane, although the rate of product formation was much lower. Mutant strains of S. cerevisiae lacking some or all of the ADH isoenzymes, ADH I, II, and III, manifested similar rates for bioconversion of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol in both aqueous and two-phase systems. In general, conversion rates observed in aqueous media were 2 to 3 times higher than those observed in hexane containing 2% moisture.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260390809
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of L-phenylacetyl carbinol by biotransformation: Product and by-product formation and activities of the key enzymes in wild-type and ADH isoenzyme mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: L-phenylacetyl carbinol ; ADH isoenzymes ; ethanol ; benzyl alcohol ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The capacities of yeast wild-type and mutants strains known to lack specific ADH isoenzymes to produce L-phenylacetyl carbinol (PAC) and benzyl alcohol in biotransformation trials were also investigated. Pyruvate decarboxylase activity, responsible for PAC formation and ADH activity, which can participate in reduction of benzaldehyde to benzyl alcohol, was also determined in each strain. In addition, the capacity of each strain to produce ethanol was investigated. Mutant strains lacking all of the isoenzymes, ADH-I, ADH-II, and ADH-III, still exhibited some ADH activity and were capable of production of benzyl alcohol and ethanol.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260380507
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