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  • SPACE RADIATION  (24)
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  • 1
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    SAS-2 galactic gamma-ray results. 2: Localized sources (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-09
    Description: Gamma ray emission was detected from the radio pulsars PSR 1818-04 and PSR 1747-46, in addition to the previously reported gamma ray emission from the Crab and Vela pulsars. Because the Crab pulsar is the only one observed in the optical and X-ray bands, these gamma ray observations suggest a uniquely gamma ray phenomenon occurring in a fraction of the radio pulsars. PSR 1818-04 has a gamma ray luminosity comparable to that of the Crab pulsar, whereas the luminosities of PSR 1747-46 and the Vela pulsar are approximately an order of magnitude lower. SAS-2 data for pulsar correlations yielded upper limits to gamma ray luminosity for 71 other radio pulsars. For five of the closest pulsars, upper limits for gamma ray luminosity are found to be at least three orders of magnitude lower than that of the Crab pulsar. Gamma ray enhancement near the Milky Way satellite galaxy and the galactic plane in the Cygnus region is also discussed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 15-26
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  • 2
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    SAS-2 galactic gamma-ray results. 1: Diffuse emission (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-08-09
    Description: Continuing analysis of the data from the SAS-2 high energy gamma ray experiment has produced an improved picture of the sky at photon energies above 35 MeV. On a large scale, the diffuse emission from the galactic plane is the dominant feature observed by SAS-2. This galactic plane emission is most intense between galactic longitudes 310 deg and 45 deg, corresponding to a region within 7 kpc of the galactic center. Within the high-intensity region, SAS-2 observes peaks around galactic longitudes 315, 330, 345, 0, and 35 deg. These peaks appear to be correlated with galactic features and components such as molecular hydrogen, atomic hydrogen, magnetic fields, cosmic-ray concentrations, and photon fields.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 3-14
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    SAS-2 galactic gamma ray results, 1 (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Continuing analysis of the data from the SAS-2 high energy gamma-ray experiment has produced an improved picture of the sky at photon energies above 35 MeV. On a large scale, the diffuse emission from the galactic plane is the dominant feature observed by SAS-2. This galactic plane emission is most intense between galactic longitude 310 and 45 deg, corresponding to a region within 7kpc of the galactic center. Within the high-intensity region, SAS-2 observes peaks around galactic longitudes 315 deg, 330 deg, 345 deg, 0 deg, and 35 deg. These peaks appear to be correlated with such galactic features and components as molecular hydrogen, atomic hydrogen, magnetic fields, cosmic ray concentrations, and photon fields.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 1-11C
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  • 4
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    SAS-2 galactic gamma ray results. 2. Localized sources (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Gamma-ray emission was detected from the radio pulsars PSR1818-04 and PSR1747-46, in addition to the previously reported gamma-ray emission from the Crab and Vela pulsars. Since the Crab pulsar is the only one observed in the optical and X-ray bands, these gamma-ray observations suggest a uniquely gamma-ray phenomenon occurring in a fraction of the radio pulsars. Using distance estimates it is found that PSR1818-04 has a gamma-ray luminosity comparable to that of the Crab pulsar, while the luminosities of PSR1747-46 and the Vela pulsar are approximately an order of magnitude lower. This survey of SAS-2 data for pulsar correlations has also yielded upper limits to gamma-ray luminosity for 71 other radio pulsars.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: The Struct. and Content of the Galaxy and Galactic Gamma Rays; p 12-22
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  • 5
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    High-energy galactic gamma radiation from cosmic rays concentrated in spiral arms (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A model for the emission of high-energy (exceeding 100 Mev) gamma-rays from the galactic disk has been developed and compared with recent SAS-2 observations. In the calculation, it is assumed that (1) the high energy galactic gamma-rays result primarily from the interaction of cosmic rays with galactic matter, (2) the cosmic-ray density is proportional to the matter density on the scale of galactic arms, and (3) the matter in the Galaxy is distributed in a spiral pattern consistent with density-wave theory and experimental data on the matter distribution that is available, including the 21-cm H I line emission, continuum emission from H II regions, and data currently being used to estimate the H2 density. The calculated galactic-longitude distribution of gamma rays is in good agreement with the SAS-2 observations in relative shape and absolute flux. As a corollary, the nonuniform cosmic-ray distribution of this model tends to support the galactic origin of the fraction of cosmic rays which is important in the production of high-energy photons. Modifications of the basic model show that the gamma-ray flux is relatively sensitive to large variations of the assumed distribution of molecular hydrogen in the Galaxy.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 199; July 1
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  • 6
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    Observations of discrete gamma ray sources with SAS-2 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Compact gamma ray sources centered on the Crab nebula and the Vela X supernova remnant are considered. An excess in the galactic radiation was observed in both regions. Data indicate that a large fraction of this flux is pulsed. The excess from the Vela region could reflect either a large-scale galactic feature, such as a superposition of spiral arm segments, or it could be associated with the Vela supernova remnant. Low-energy gamma ray bursts were observed in the SAS-2 anticoincidence shielding.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: ESRO The Context and Status of Gamma Ray Astronomy; p 273-277
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  • 7
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    Gamma radiation from the Crab Nebula above 35 MeV (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Nature; 251; Oct. 4
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    SAS-2 observations of the high-energy gamma radiation from the Vela region (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 190; June 1
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  • 9
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    Significance of medium-energy gamma-ray astronomy in the study of cosmic rays (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The paper examines the medium-energy (about 10-30 MeV) galactic gamma-ray radiation from primary and secondary electrons and calculates the expected gamma-ray distribution for the specific model of Bignami et al. (1975) on the assumption that the cosmic rays are correlated with the matter on the scale of galactic arms. The energy spectrum typical of regions near the galactic center indicates a dramatic shift from a predominantly cosmic-ray nucleonic mechanism at higher energies to a cosmic-ray electron mechanism at the lower energies. This provides a most important and direct means of probing the cosmic-ray electrons as a function of galactic position by making gamma-ray observations in the few to 40 MeV energy range. Medium-energy gamma-ray astronomy is shown to be a valuable tool in galactic research.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 208; Aug. 15
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  • 10
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    Cyg X-3: Not seen in high-energy gamma rays by COS-B (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: COS-B had Cyg X-3 within its field of view during 7 observation periods between 1975 and 1982 for in total approximately 300 days. In the skymaps (70 meV E 5000 meV) of the Cyg-X region produced for each of these observations and in the summed map, a broad complex structure is visible in the region 72 deg approximately less than 1 approximately less than 85 deg, approximately less than 5 deg. No resolved source structure is visible at the position of Cyg X-3, but a weak signal from Cyg X-3 could be hidden in the structured gamma-ray background. Therefore, the data has been searched for a 4.8 h timing signature, as well as for a source signal in the sky map in addition to the diffuse background structure as estimated from tracers of atomic and molecular gas.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: OG-2.2-2 , 19th Intern. Cosmic Ray Conf - Vol. 1; p 95-98; NASA-CP-2376-VOL-1
    Format: application/pdf
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