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  • SPACE RADIATION  (9)
  • critical current density  (3)
  • 1
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    The absorption of trapped particles by the inner satellites of Jupiter and the radial diffusion coefficient of particle transport (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The process of trapped particle absorption by the inner Jovian satellites is considered in detail taking into account both the particle and satellite motions in a magnetic dipole field which is displaced from the center of the planet and tilted with respect to the planetary rotation axis. An expression is derived for computing the sweeping time at a given satellite, defined as the time required for the satellite to sweep up a given fraction of the trapped particles within its sweeping region. By making use of the sweeping time and the radial diffusion equation of particle transport approximate expressions for the diffusion coefficient are derived. Measurements obtained by Pioneer 10 are then used to obtain estimates of the diffusion coefficient at the orbits of Io and Europa. We find that the diffusion coefficient is a function of energy and magnetic latitude for electrons in the energy range 0.7-14 MeV.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 81; Mar. 1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Enrichment of very heavy nuclei in the composition of solar accelerated particles. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Measurement of the abundances of the nuclei C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, Ar, and Ca and the group Cr-Co relative to oxygen from seven solar energetic-particle events in the energy range from about 14 to 61 MeV per nucleon with a solid-state detector telescope on the OGO-5 satellite, 1968-1971. The differential energy spectra of O (14 to 29 MeV per nucleon) and Cr-Co (3 to 61 MeV per nucleon) have a spectral index of about (-3) for a power law in kinetic energy. The relative abundances of C, N, O, and Ne are in excellent agreement with emulsion studies. However, when compared with the solar photospheric and coronal abundances, the OGO-5 measurements show a large enhancement of relative abundances beginning with Si, and extending to the Cr-Co group. The enhancement over the solar and universal abundances is in rough agreement with the composition of the galactic cosmic radiation.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-27-PM , Astrophysical Journal; 171; Jan. 1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Origin and composition of heavy nuclei between 10 and 60 MeV per nucleon during interplanetary quiet times in 1968-1972 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results are reported for measurements of the relative abundances of nuclei from boron through iron in the energy range between 10 and 60 MeV/nucleon which were made with an instrument on board OGO 5 during the period of changing solar modulation from 1968 to 1971. The investigation was conducted to determine whether the heavy nuclei in this energy range were of solar or galactic origin. It is found that the relative abundances are in good agreement with the nuclear abundances of galactic cosmic rays, that the differential energy spectra of carbon and oxygen at these energies diverged from the characteristic modulated galactic spectrum, that changes in the C + N + O flux during this period underwent a temporal phase lag with respect to high-energy galactic cosmic rays, and that this phase lag was the same as that for helium nuclei of galactic origin with energies of 30 to 100 MeV/nucleon. It is concluded that the experimental evidence favors a galactic origin for the present nuclei. Some implications of the energy-spectrum results for cosmic-ray modulation theory are discussed.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 200; Sept. 15
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Identification and relative abundances of C, N, and O nuclei trapped in the geomagnetic field (1970)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: C, N and O nuclei abundances in radiation belt near geometric equator, using data obtained by OGO-5 satellite in 1968
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-27-PM , ; YAL SOCIETY (
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  • 5
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    Measurements of cosmic ray anisotropies from Pioneers 10 and 11 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A progress report is presented on cosmic ray anisotropy measurements performed in interplanetary space on the Pioneers 10 and 11. A directional Cerenkov counter, sensitive to protons and alpha particles with kinetic energies exceeding 480 MeV/nucleon, was used to determine east-west and north-south anisotropies. Large variations in anisotropies with a time scale of about 60 days were found for the period April-November 1973. The total data set shows an east-west anisotropy of 0.46 plus or minus 0.11% and a north-south anisotropy of 0.03 plus or minus 0.11%. This result for the east-west anisotropy is compatible with a large value of the ratio of the perpendicular to the parallel components of the diffusion coefficient.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 15, 1975 - Aug 29, 1975; Munich
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  • 6
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    The preferential acceleration of heavy nuclei in solar flares. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A two-stage model is proposed for the mechanism of heavy nuclei (Z greater than 8) accelerated in solar flares. In the first stage, fully stripped ions are first accelerated to suprathermal energies. In the second stage, a fraction of these ions are Fermi-accelerated to higher energies. Transport to the Fermi-acceleration region involves electron pickup, while injection into Fermi acceleration is rigidity dependent. The degree of enhancement of the abundance of heavy nuclei may be expected to vary for each individual flare.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; 177; Oct. 1
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  • 7
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    The abundances of solar accelerated nuclei from carbon to iron. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Revised observation periods and new data are found to confirm previous evidence that the overabundance of solar-flare nuclei with respect to solar photospheric and coronal abundances increases with increasing atomic number. It is also verified that enhancements can vary from flare to flare and that this variability is large enough to explain the differences observed by various investigators regarding the magnitude of solar-flare high-Z particle enhancements. Additional evidence for a two-stage solar acceleration mechanism is obtained. It is shown that the galactic cosmic-ray source composition displays a similar overabundance as a function of atomic number.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-27-PM , Astrophysical Journal; 177; Oct. 1
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  • 8
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    Quiet time interplanetary cosmic ray anisotropies observed from Pioneer 10 and 11 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Cerenkov counters on the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft, capable of detecting alpha particles and protons with energies up to 480 MeV, and nucleons and electrons with energies up to 6 MeV, have yielded data on cosmic ray anisotropies during periods of low solar activity. Observations from Pioneer 11 place east-west anisotropy at 0.41 plus or minus 0.11%, and the north-south anisotropy at near zero; Pioneer 10 results show east-west anisotropy to be approximately 0.59 plus or minus 0.18%, and the north-south component at 0.25 plus or minus 0.08%. It is noted that the Pioneer 10 observations were obtained at the 6 AU range, while those from Pioneer 11 originated closer to the sun (1.1 to 2.7 AU). Attention is given to the ratio of the perpendicular to parallel components of the diffusion coefficient, and to the large north-south anisotropy reported by Pioneer 10, an effect due possibly to gradient drift, and to an additional streaming independent of the magnetic field polarity.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Apr. 1
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  • 9
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    On the origin of low energy heavy nuclei below approximately 30 MeV per nucleon observed in interplanetary space during quiet times, 1968-72 (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-27-PM , International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 17, 1973 - Aug 30, 1973; Denver, CO
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Film thickness dependence of critical current density for YBa2Cu3O7 films post-annealed at a low oxygen partial pressure (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of superconductivity 6 (1993), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9605
    Keywords: Superconducting films ; YBa2Cu3O7 ; critical current density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The variation of critical current density at 77 K as a function of film thickness was studied for YBa2Cu3O7 films on (100) LaAlO3 substrates. Film thicknesses were in the range 0.2–1.6μm. The films were deposited by co-evaporation and post-annealed under conditions which have previously resulted in high-quality films (750°C and an oxygen partial pressure of 29 Pa). The critical current density at 77 K exceeds 1 MA cm−2 for the thinner films, and decreases with increasing film thickness in excess of about 0.4μm. The decrease is in rough agreement with a switch fromc-axis toa-axis growth at about this critical thickness. A good anticorrelation was found between room temperature resistivity and critical current density at 77 K. The results are compared to those obtained before by post-annealing at 850°C in 1 atm of oxygen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00618503
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