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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numbers of clover rhizobia needed for crown nodulation and early growth of clover in soil (1994)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 17 (1994), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Clover ; Inoculation ; Nodulation ; Rhizobia ; Soil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Low soil populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii indicate a need for inoculating clovers (Trifolium sp.) at planting. The number of rhizobia in soil varies considerably from field to field and the number needed for nodulation on the upper taproot and for vigorous seedling development is not known. Two experiments were undertaken using arrowleaf clover (T. vesiculosum Savi) and crimson clover (T. incarnatum L.) grown in pots filled with soil. Two soils were used; one contained 10 indigenous rhizobia g-1 and the other contained fewer than three. The treatments consisted of amending each soil with two strains of inoculant rhizobia to contain from 10 to approximately 1×106 rhizobia g-1 followed by planting to clover. The number of nodules near the top of the root increased as the number of rhizobia in the soil increased to the highest inoculum level. A low number (approximately 1×103 to 1×104) of rhizobia was sufficient for maximal N content of seedlings. It seems that soil containing 100 or fewer rhizobia g-1 may respond to inoculation with increased crown nodulation and seedling vigor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337743
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competition between siratro and kleingrass for15N labelled mineralized nitrogen (1986)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 96 (1986), S. 327-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Isotope discrimination ; Macropitilium atropurpureum ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nitrogen transfer ; Panicum coloratum ; Rhizobia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Isotope dilution provides a method for measuring plant competition for mineral N and transfer of biologically fixed N from a legume to a grass. A plant growth medium was enriched with15N, and used to grow Siratro (Macropitilium atropurpureum D.C. Urb.) and Kleingrass 75 (Panicum coloratum L.) in 20 liter pots for 98 days in a glasshouse. The plants were grown in pure stand and in mixtures. When grown in 50∶50 mixture the grass obtained 59% of the labelled N and the legume obtained 41%. The grass produced nearly as much root mass as the legume even though biomass of the shoots were less than half that of the legume. Reducing the proportion of either plant species in the mixture reduced the proportion of the mineralized N absorbed by that species. The shoots of the grass were significantly more enriched (1.166 atom%15N excess) than the roots (1.036). The grass received 12% of its N as biologically fixed N from the legume.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02375137
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of bacteroid number in nodules and effective nodule mass to dinitrogen fixation by cowpeas (1985)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 87 (1985), S. 223-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Nitrogen fixation ; Rhizobia ; Vigna unguiculata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Biological nitrogen fixation is considered an important trait of cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. var. ‘California Blackeye’ No. 5) for economical production yet the process does not alone provide the quantity of nitrogen required by the plant for maximum productivity. Two experiments were undertaken to determine the potential of an increase in nodule mass and number of bacteroids resulting in increased nitrogen fixation. Cowpeas were grown in a glasshouse for 7 weeks under conditions forcing near total dependence on biological nitrogen fixation for growth. Nodule mass on the roots was varied by inoculating seeds with various ratios of effective and ineffective rhizobia that could be identified serologically and by the color of nodule formed. The results of both experiments demonstrated a linear relationship between total nodule mass formed by the effective rhizobia and quantity of nitrogen fixed. The regression coefficients were high in both experiments (r=0.99** and 0.91**). The relationship between total nitrogen fixed and total number of bacteroids of the effective strain was not consistent. In one experiment the regression coefficient was 0.93** but in the other experiment it was 0.65**. From these results it appears that there is good potential for increasing nitrogen fixation in cowpeas by increasing nodule mass. An increase in nodule mass would also result in an increase in the number of bacteroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181861
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