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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and energetic parameters of Ca2+ binding to peptides and proteins (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 27 (1988), S. 1865-1886 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The characteristics of Ca2+-binding sites and of the structural reorganization induced by Ca2+-binding in storage proteins and ion carriers are being studied as models for molecular mechanisms in Ca2+ channels and in Ca2+-dependent modulatory proteins. A first step in the study was the development of energy parameters for Ca2+ compatible with those in the CHARMM package of computer simulation software. Such parameters were obtained from an analytical fit to the potential surface for [(Ca)(OCH2)4]2+ calculated with an ab initio molecular orbital method. The resulting parametrization was tested for the hexapeptide cyclo-(Pro-Gly)3, and a 75 residue long calcium binding protein from bovine intestine (ICaBP). The geometrical parameters calculated for the hexapeptide and its 2:1 complex with Ca2+ were in good agreement with experimental data from crystallography and nmr. Similarly, the structure of ICaBP optimized with CHARMM using the new Ca2+ parameters showed good agreement with the x-ray structure both in the local structures of the calcium-binding sites and in the overall shape of the protein.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360271202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SCHOTTEN-BAUMANN esterification of poly(vinyl alcohol). III. Preparation of some photosensitive polymers and the effects of surface active agents on the interfacial esterificationPart I and II cf.1. (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 167 (1973), S. 183-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Darstellung von Poly(p-azidobenzoesäure-vinylester), Poly(p-nitrobenzoesäurevinylester), Poly(2-methyl-5-phenyl-2,4-pentadiencarbonsäure-vinylester) und Poly(zimtsäurevinylester-co-β-carboxyäthylvinyläther) mittels Veresterung nach SCHOTTEN-BAUMANN wird beschrieben.Die Untersuchung der Wirkung grenzflächenaktiver Verbindungen auf die Veresterung liefert folgende Ergebnisse: Nichtionische und anionische grenzflächenaktive Verbindungen im Reaktionssystem erniedrigen die Ausbeute mit zunehmender Konzentration. Bei niedriger Konzentration ist die Ausbeute eine lineare Funktion der Konzentration und identisch mit der Ausbeute, die man bei Abwesenheit von grenzflächenaktiven Substanzen erhält. Dies wird bei der anionischen Verbindung über einen großen Konzentrationsbereich beobachtet, bei der nichtionischen Verbindung jedoch nicht. Diese Phänomene wurden in einer früheren Mitteilung mit Hilfe des Reaktionsmechanismus erklärt.Der Veresterungsprozeß läßt sich nur dann auf Polyelektrolyte übertragen, wenn Salze wie KBr, NaNO3 etc. anwesend sind. Dieses Phänomen läßt sich ebenso mit dem bereits beschriebenen Reaktionsmechanismus erklären.
    Notes: Some of the photosensitive polymers, poly(vinyl p-azidobenzoate), poly(vinyl p-nitrobenzoate), poly(vinyl 2-methyl-5-phenyl-2,4-pentadienoate), and poly(vinyl cinnamate co vinyl cyanoethyl ester), are prepared by SCHOTTEN-BAUMANN esterification of poly(vinyl alcohol). The preparations of the acid halides and polymers are reported in details. The study of the effects of surface active agents on the esterification process shows the following results. When nonionic and anionic agents were added into the reaction system, the yield of the product increases with decreasing concentration of surface active agents and becomes a linear function of the concentration ending at the point at which no surface active agent is present. The linearity is observed in a wide range of concentration of the anionic agent, but not in the case of the nonionic one. The cationic agent drastically inhibits the reaction even at very low concentrations. These phenomena are explained on the basis of the reaction mechanism proposed in a previous paper.Applying the esterification process to a polyelectrolyte the reaction occurs only in the presence of salts as KBr, NaNO3 etc. This phenomenon is also explained by the reaction mechanism.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1973.021670112
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structure of cellophane-acrylamide graft copolymer by the ceric ion method (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 12 (1968), S. 337-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The relationship between the grafting yield and the structure of graft copolymer is studied by measuring the branched chain lengths, the number of branches, the crystallinities, and the diffraction intensities of the (101) and (101) + (002) planes determined by x-ray diffraction, and the distribution of branched polymers, observed by interferometry. Over a relatively wide range of grafting yield the number of initiating sites is almost constant and about 1-2 per 2 moles of cellulose chain. Therefore, the increase of grafting yield seems to be due mainly to the propagation of branched polymers. Branched polymers are assumed to be formed in cellulose crystallites both on the normal (101) planes and in the amorphous regions of cellulose. It is found that branched polymers grow from the outer layer into the inner part of the film as the grafting yield increases. At more than 250% of grafting yield, however, branched polymers are uniformly formed throughout the layer of film in which the crystalline regions of cellulose are gradually destroyed. This result agrees with the dimensional change of gel film during the reaction. The temperature dependence of tensile strength and elongation and the wet strength of graft copolymer are also investigated. At higher grafting yields, such as 250%, the crystalline structure of cellulose is disturbed by the formation of branched polymer, and no improvement in waterproofness can be expected from grafting; the secondary bonding between branched polymers may be presumed to be same as those among cellulose. In addition, the fine cracking of the film in the burst state is found to appear more easily as the grafting yield increases, in which the aggregating state of cellulose is recognized to be changed by the formation of branched polymer.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1968.070120210
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron transfer function of kerateine gel and conjugated redox reaction by using the kerateine-immobilized membrane (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 2883-2895 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kerateine gel, prepared by reducing wool keratin with alkaline 2-mercaptoethanol-urea solution and by partially reoxidizing the dissolved kerateine, reduced iron(III) to iron(II). Reduction of iron(III) was enhanced by addition of copper(II). Reduction of methylene blue (MB) to leuco MB with thioglycollic acid (TGA) as a model compound of wool thiol group was investigated in the presence of copper(II) and intercuticular cementing material (δCu) extracted from wool fiber. It is confirmed that copper(II) is a catalyst for the reduction of MB and the δCu containing copper ion acts as a carrier for electron transfer.Some kerateine/δCu-immobilized hydrophilic polyurethane membranes were prepared. A conjugated redox reaction combining the reduction of MB and the oxidation of TGA was carried out across these membranes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080270905
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic products in ground polymer. IV. Anions in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 1307-1312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: When poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was ground with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) powder in a vibration glass ball mill in vacuum in the dark at 77 K, the TCNE anion radical (TCNE-) was detected in the mixture by ESR spectroscopy. The TCNE.- is formed by the abstraction of electrons by TCNE from the anion that is produced by a heterogeneous bond scission of carbon-carbon bonds in the polymer main chain. The assignment of TCNE.- was carried out by the ESR spectral simulation on the basis of an anisotropic effective hyperfine tensor that includes a forbidden transition term. At least 85% of the bond scission of the PVDF main chain is induced by a heterogeneous process to produce ionic products. The yield of these mechanions seems to increase with the polarity of carbon-carbon bond owing to a substituent group bonded to the carbon in the polymer main chain.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090260614
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of biodegradable polyesters by polycondensation of methyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and methyl (R)-3-hydroxyvalerate (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Rapid Communications 15 (1994), S. 445-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1336
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1994.030150509
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionic species produced by mechanical fracture of solid polymer. III. Anions from polytetrafluoroethylene (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 25 (1987), S. 1431-1437 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The tetracyanoethylene anion radical (\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm TCNE}^{ \cdot ^ - } $\end{document}) was detected by ESR spectroscopy in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which had been mechanically fractured in vacuo with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) at 77 K. The assignment of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm TCNE}^{ \cdot ^ - } $\end{document} was carried out by ESR spectral simulation on the basis of an anisotropic effective hyperfine tensor that included a forbidden transition term. The \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${\rm TCNE}^{ \cdot ^ - } $\end{document} is formed by abstraction of an electron by TCNE from the anion that is produced by heterogeneous scission of the carbon-carbon bond in the main chain of PTFE. At least 16% of the scission of the main chains of PTFE occurs by a heterogeneous process to produce the anions. Approximately 50% of the anions decay during annealing for 30 min at 220 K in the dark, and all anions decay within 15 min at 325 K.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1987.090250706
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel tellurium-containing p-terphenoquinone analogues: Preparation and unique redox properties of paramagnetic tellurium-centered radical cation complexesWe thank the Computer Center, Institute for Molecular Science at the Okazaki National Research Institute, Japan, for the use of the HITAC M-600 and S-820/80 computers. (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 5 (1993), S. 719-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19930051005
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pore size of porous bead carriers immobilizing antibody on IgE adsorption (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 20 (1986), S. 853-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) adsorption was studied using antihuman IgE antibody immobilized on alkylamine glass carriers with different pore sizes (Controlled Pore Glass [CPG]®) to determine the effect of pore size on IgE adsorption in therapeutic immuno-adsorbents. With a series of CPGs whose pore sizes were in the range of 170 to 1400 Å, CPGs possessing pore sizes larger than 500 Å had higher IgE adsorption. A CPG (500-Å pore size) with the spacer arm 20 Å long did not give better IgE removal than CPG without the spacer arm, since the spacer prevented the immobilization of a sufficient amount of the antibody on the carrier because of steric hindrance. However, the antibodies, once immobilized on CPG with the spacer arm, bound the same amount of IgE molecules (antigens) as those immobilized on CPG without the spacer arm.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820200615
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of the fibrous tissue found at the bone-cement interface following total joint replacement (1982)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 16 (1982), S. 911-927 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A long-term problem associated with total joint replacements is the formation of a fibrous tissue at the bone-cement interface which may compromise the fixation of the prosthesis. In this study, harvestable amounts of interfacial fibrous tissue were generated using a prosthetic replacement of the canine stifle joint as an animal model. The collected tissues were examined histologically and by uniaxial, unconfined compression tests. The fibrous tissue had a matlike structure. The heavy collagen fibers were distributed at random in sheets and the sheets themselves were layered to form a mat. Such a structure may be able to resist compressive stresses normal to the plane of the mat but is probably not well suited to resist shearing stresses. The fibrous tissue proved to be a very compliant, deformable material and to undergo very large strains with load. The stress-strain curve for the tissue was nonlinear and was characterized by large deformations at low loads. But with increasing loads, the material became stiffer, and at high loads, the stress-strain curve became linear with a short-term tangent modulus of 1.9 MPa at a stress level of 0.5 MPa and a compressive strain level of 50%. With regard to total joint replacement systems which consist of an outer bone shell followed by a thin layer of fibrous tissue, a mantle of PMMA cement and a central core of metal or UHMW polyethylene, the fibrous tissue is substantially more yielding and deformable than the other elements of the structure and may have a significant effect on the structural behavior of the system.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820160615
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