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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • mtDNA  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hybridization in freshwater fishes: a review of case studies and cytonuclear methods of biological inference (2000)
    Springer
    Reviews in fish biology and fisheries 10 (2000), S. 293-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5184
    Keywords: anthropogenic ; cytonuclear ; disequilibrium ; fish ; Gambusia ; hybridization ; mtDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Interspecific hybridization occurs widelyacross a taxonomically diverse array of fishspecies. Multiple factors typically interactto effect the outcome of hybridization events. Human influences have been frequently cited ascontributing factors (nearly 50% of reviewedcase studies). Aquacultural activities,species introductions, and loss or alterationof habitats were frequently implicated. Wehighlight the utility of genetic markers andnovel methods of statistical analysis forinferring the extent, rate, direction, andlikely causes of hybridization. Emphasis isplaced on cytonuclear genetic systems. Wedemonstrate the utility of cytonuclear modelsfor hypothesis testing using empirical data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016642723238
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Empirical evaluation of cytonuclear models incorporating genetic drift and tests for neutrality of mtDNA variants: data from experimental Gambusia hybrid zones (1999)
    Springer
    Genetica 105 (1999), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: disequilibrium ; Gambusia ; genetic drift ; mtDNA ; neutrality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Statistical tests of genetic drift and of the neutrality of mtDNA are presented using empirical time‐series data on multi‐generational changes in cytonuclear disequilibria within replicated experimental hybrid populations of two species of live‐bearing Poeciliid fishes (Gambusia holbrooki and G.affinis) which were monitored over a period of two years (three generations). Cytonuclear disequilibria D and D (which measure departures from random associations of cytoplasmic and nuclear genotypes) over the three generations of the experiment were non‐zero for all replicate populations. For each of five nuclear loci, the observed measures of D and D were highly concordant between replicates during each generation. Significant departures from expectations were observed after one and two generations. A statistical measure of goodness of fit of observed changes in cytonuclear disequilibria (and implicitly of the neutrality of the mtDNA markers) was calculated for each nuclear locus. When the results for the replicates were combined into an overall test of neutrality, the fit to the random union of zygotes (RUZ) model was rejected for four of the five nuclear loci (P 〈 0.05). A simple genetic drift model does not explain the temporal changes in composite cytonuclear genotypic frequencies. Frequencies of parental G. holbrooki mitochondrial alleles and nuclear genotypes exceeded expected values during most time periods, implying some selective advantage of offspring produced by G. holbrooki females. Expansion of cytonuclear models to explicitly address questions of genetic drift and neutrality have general relevance to studies of natural populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003656610365
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueous dispersion of polyurethane anionomers from H12MDI/IPDI, PCL, BD, and DMPA (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 53 (1994), S. 371-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyurethane anionomer dispersions were prepared from hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate (H12MDI) or isophorone diisocyanate (JPDI), poly(caprolactone) (PCL) diol, 1,4-butane diol (BD), and dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA). Upon neutralization of the DMPA with triethylamine (TEA), the NCO-terminated polyurethane (PU) ionomers were self-emulsified by adding water, followed by chain extension using triethylenetetramine (TETA) in aqueous media. Polyurethanes from H12MDI showed coarser dispersion and better tensile properties over those from IPDI. Polyurethanes prepared by the one-shot method had better dispersion and tensile properties over those by the two-shot method. When some of the PCL diol was replaced by DMPA or BD, tensile strength increased and ductility decreased due mainly to the increased chain rigidity and intermolecular forces. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070530315
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Reverse permselectivity” of N2 over CH4 in aromatic polyimides (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 34 (1987), S. 1767-1771 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070340433
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pressure on the impregnation of thermoplastic resin into a unidirectional fiber bundle (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advances in Polymer Technology 9 (1989), S. 275-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-6679
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Impregnation of molten thermoplastic resin into continuous unidirectional fiber tows was investigated. The degree of impregnation is defined as the ratio between the number of impregnated fibers and the total number of fibers of a tow. The degree of impregnation was modeled as a function of time, impregnation pressure, impregnation temperature, and tow size, assuming that the radial inward flow of resin through the fiber tow is governed by Darcy's law. The effect of the impregnation pressure on the permeability was studied. Experiments were performed to evaluate the validity of the model. Toray T300 graphite fiber bundles and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin were used. Pressure and temperature were applied to fiber tows surrounded with resin powder in a mold. After a predetermined time, the sample was taken out and the degree of impregnation was measured from the microphotographs of the cross sections of samples. Experiments were performed for different impregnation conditions such as impregnation time, pressure, temperature, and tow size. Good agreement was found between the model and the experimental data.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adv.1989.060090401
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