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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (4)
  • critical exponents  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 24 (1981), S. 69-86 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Potts model ; first-order transition ; second-order transition ; Monte Carlo ; critical slowing down ; critical exponents ; dynamic scaling ; nonlinear relaxation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Theq-state Potts model on the square lattice is studied by Monte Carlo simulation forq=3, 4, 5, 6. Very good agreement is obtained with exact results of Kiharaet al. and Baxter for energy and free energy at the critical point. Critical exponent estimates forq=3 areα≈0.4,β≈0.1,γ≈1.45, in rough agreement with high-temperature series extrapolation and real space renormalization-group methods. The transition forq=5, 6 is found to be a very weakly first-order transition, i.e., pronounced “pseudocritical” phenomena occur, specific heat, susceptibility, etc. (nearly) diverge at the first-order transition temperature. Dynamics is associated to the model in the same way as for the kinetic Ising model, and the nonlinear slowing down of the order parameter and of the energy is studied. The dynamic exponent is estimated to be Δ (=zv)≈1.9. Within our accuracy noq dependence is detected. The relaxation is found to be consistent with dynamic scaling predictions, and dynamic scaling functions associated with the nonlinear relaxation are estimated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 44 (1986), S. 749-784 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Continuous Ising model ; order-disorder ; displacive ; Monte-Carlo simulation ; finite-size scaling ; critical exponents
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Monte-Carlo calculations are performed for the model Hamiltonian ℋ = ∑i[(r/2)Φ 2(i)+(u/4)/gF4(i)]+∑〈ij〉 (C/2)[Φ (i)−Φ(j)]2 for various values of the parametersr, u, C in the crossover region from the Ising limit (r→-∞,u+∞) to the displacive limit (r=0). The variableφ(i) is a scalar continuous spin variable which can lie in the range-∞〈φ(i)〈+∞, for each lattice site (i).φ(i) is a priori selected proportional to the single-site probability in our Monte Carlo algorithm. The critical line is obtained in very good agreement with other previous approaches. A decrease of apparent critical exponents, deduced from a finite-size scaling analysis, is attributed to a crossover toward mean-field values at the displacive limit. The relation of this model to the coarse-grained Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson free-energy functional of Ising models is discussed in detail, and, by matching local moments 〈Φ 2(i)〉, 〈Φ 4(i)〉 to corresponding averages of subsystem blocks of Ising systems with linear dimensionsl=5 tol=15, an explicit construction of this coarse-grained free energy is attempted; self-consistency checks applied to this matching procedure show qualitatively reasonable behavior, but quantitative difficulties remain, indicating that higher-order terms are needed for a quantitatively satisfactory description.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 205-208 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Instrument for Measuring Creep under Alternating Loading and Temperature Conditions. It is an established fact that plastics are particularly subject to creep, i. e. deformation over a period of time under load. Under practical conditions unchanged load and constant temperature are seldom realized. The deformations associated with changing mechanical loads cannot generally be derived from the results of ordinary creep tests. In order to be able to study creep behaviour of plastics under intermittent load conditions (i. e. a sequence of loading and unloading), a special instrument has been developed at the Austrian Plastics Institute.The period of time as well as the ratio of loading and unloading phase can be programmed within wide ranges. Creep tests at varying temperatures can also be carried out with this instrument.Under intermittent load very significant differentiation of deformation and fracturing behaviour depending on the polymeric structure has been observed. Comparison of results of ordinary creep with those under intermittent loading at constant temperature shows, that in the case of amorphous thermoplastics destruction by stress crazing and fracture is markedly accelerated. On the other hand semicrystalline thermoplastics have excellent resistance against intermittent load.
    Notes: Es ist allgemein bekannt, daß bei Kunststoffen das Kriechen, die zeitliche Zunahme der Deformation unter Last, besonders stark ausgeprägt ist. Der Fall einer kontinuierlich wirkenden Belastung und konstanter Temperatur ist in der Praxis aber häufig nicht gegeben. Die mit wechselnden mechanischen Belastungen verbundenen Deformationen können im allgemeinen nicht aus den Ergebnissen üblicher Kriechversuche abgeleitet werden. Um das Kriechverhalten von Kunststoffen bei intermittierender Belastung (das ist eine Aufeinanderfolge von Belastungs- und Entlastungsschritten) studieren zu können, wurde im Österreichischen Kunststoffinstitut ein spezielles Gerät entwickelt. Die absolute Länge und auch das Verhältnis von Belastungs- zu Entlastungsphase können in weiten Bereichen programmiert werden. Mit dem gleichen Gerät lassen sich auch Kriechversuche bei wechselnden Temperaturen ausführen.Bei intermittierender Beanspruchung wurde eine sehr starke Differenzierung des Verformungs- und Bruchverhaltens in Abhängigkeit von der Struktur des Kunststoffes festgestellt. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit den bei konstanter Belastung erhaltenen zeigt, daß bei amorphen Plastomeren die Zerstörung durch Spannungsrißbildung bzw. Bruch viel früher erfolgt. Dagegen weisen teilkristalline Plastomere eine ganz ausgezeichnete Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen intermittierende Beanspruchung auf.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 35 (1997), S. 1-31 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Rouse model ; reptation ; glass transition ; Monte Carlo method ; bond fluctuation model ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A brief review is given of applications of Monte Carlo simulations to study the dynamical properties of coarse-grained models of polymer melts, emphasizing the crossover from the Rouse model toward reptation, and the glass transition. The extent to which Monte Carlo algorithms can mimic the actual chain dynamics is critically examined, and the need for the use of coarse-grained rather than fully atomistic models for such simulations is explained. It is shown that various lattice and continuum models yield qualitatively similar results, and the behavior agrees with the findings of corresponding molecular dynamics simulations and experiments, where available. It is argued that these simulations significantly enhance our understanding of the theoretical concepts on the dynamics of dense macromolecular systems. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 46 (1995), S. 204-225 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Surfaces have a profound effect on the structure and related properties of multiphase polymeric materials, such as polymer mixtures and block copolymer mesophases. In particular, phase transitions in the bulk (unmixing, microphase separation, etc.) may be complemented by surface-induced transitions (formation of wetting layers, surface-directed spinodal decomposition, surface-induced ordering). This review gives a brief introduction to the phenomenological theories of such phenomena, emphasizing the simplest approach based on Flory - Huggins - de Gennes free energy functionals and associated Monte Carlo simulations. More sophisticated theories and recent experiments are mentioned briefly.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 15 (1977), S. 635-636 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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