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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • Quantum optics, physics of lasers, nonlinear optics, classical optics  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 209 (1993), S. 95-109 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(epichlorhydrin) wurde durch nukleophile Substitution mit aliphatischen Kaliumcarboxylaten mit endstandigen Doppelbindungen (10-Undecenoat, 4-Pentenoat und 3-Butenoat) modifiziert. Die Reaktionsbedingungen wurden variiert, um ihren Einfluß auf den erreichten Substitutionsgrad zu untersuchen. Die hergestellten Polyether wurden mittels Elementaranalyse, spektroskopischen und thermischen Methoden sowie Viskositäts- und osmometrischen Messungen charakterisiert. Es wurde sowohl eine geringe Vernetzung als auch die bereits bekannte Hauptkettenspaltung beobachtet. Während der Substitutionsreaktion isomerisierte das Vinylacetat zum Crotonsäureester.
    Notes: Poly(epichlorohydrin) was modified by nucleophilic substitution with some aliphatic potassium carboxylates containing terminal double bonds (10-undecenoate, 4-pentenoate and 3-butenoate). In order to monitor the degree of substitution achieved, different reaction conditions were tested. The polyethers obtained were characterized by spectroscopic techniques, elemental analysis, thermal methods, viscosity determinations and osmometric measurements. A slight crosslinking and the reported main chain cleavage were both detected. Finally, it must be pointed out that, during the substitution reaction with the vinylacetate, isomerization to crotonic ester took place.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 829-840 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: chemical modification ; poly (epichlorohydrin) ; nadimide ; polyethers ; DSC ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical modification of poly(epichlorohydrin) (PECH) with nadimide derivatives using 1,8-diazabicyclo (5.4.0)-7 undecene to catalyze the substitution of the chlorine atom by acid compounds (DBU method) was accomplished. The linear polyethers obtained showed a degree of substitution from 5-80%, depending on time and temperature reaction. The Tg of modified polymers and Ea, calculated in the cure reactions, increases with substitution degree. Residual enthalpies were observed in all cases, which suggests that the curing reaction is incomplete. TGA measurements showed that the degradation has a greater dependence on the modification degree than on the introduced pendant group. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 2379-2387 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: nadimide ; crosslinking kinetics ; polyethers ; differential scanning calorimetry ; thermogravimetric analyses ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polyethers with nadimide derivatives pendent groups have been prepared by ring-opening polymerization of nadimide glycidyl derivatives. The structure of the linear polymers has been confirmed by spectroscopic methods. Properties such glass transition temperatures and thermal resistance have been measured and related to their chemical structure. Crosslinking studies have been carried out by DSC and TGA. Kinetic parameters could be obtained by dynamic method. The crosslinking causes an increase in Tg of the system and it has been possible to relate this increase to the chemical structure of the network. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 941-948 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polyethers ; differential scanning calorimetry ; crosslinking kinetics ; PECH-PEO ; thermosets ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The epichlorohydrin-ethyleneoxide copolymer is modified with 10-undecenoate and 4-pentenoate moieties in order to obtain thermosets by cross-linking through their double bonds. These polymers are then characterized using NMR, IR, chlorine elemental analyses, X-ray powder diffraction, DSC, TGA, and viscosimetric measurements. Because the thermal crosslinking reaction overlaps in all cases with degradation processes, a free radical source (dicumyl peroxide) is necessary. The Arrhenius kinetic parameters are determined by DSC, using Ozawa and Kissinger expressions. Finally, the quality of cured materials is tested by TGA. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 33 (1995), S. 1565-1571 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: olephins ; crosslinking kinetics ; polyethers ; differential scanning calorimetry ; thermogravimetric analyses ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article studies the crosslinking reactions of some polyethers containing double bonds on the side chains. Thermal crosslinking takes place in all cases, but is overlapped by the degradation process. So, a catalyst has to be used to obtain the cured material and avoid degradation. The best initiator appears to be dicumyl peroxide and the maximum cross-linking degree is achieved only with 5% (w/w). Thermogravimetric analyses are used to test the quality of the cured materials. IR spectroscopy shows that crosslinking actually takes place by polymerizing pendent double bonds. Furthermore, activation energies for thermal and radical initiated crosslinking are determined by means of dynamic DSC studies. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 193-200 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis of new diglycidylester compounds with bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene units was carried out from the previously synthesized diimide-diacids and epichlorohydrin in excess using BTMA as catalyst. These compounds were characterized by spectroscopic techniques and have been cured either thermally or using 4-dimethylaminopyridine as tertiary amine catalyst. The study of curing reaction was carried out through thermal analysis of the reaction by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The concentration of the tertiary amine affects the reaction mechanism of epoxide curing, but it does not influence the thermal properties of the final product. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 2177-2183 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Epoxy resins derived from diimide-diacids obtained from bicyclo[2.2.2.]oct-7-en-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and thermal analyses. A further crosslinking using hydroxylic groups using dianhydride or diisocyanate as a hardener was also carried out. These processes led to crosslinked materials, but a DSC study does not show a straightforward relationship between the amount of hardener used and reaction enthalpiies, which suggests a complicated reaction mechanism. On the other hand only a slight increase in Tg values was observed during the curing process. No substantial differences between the thermal characteristics of linear and crosslinked polymers wer observed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 57 (1995), S. 413-420 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The cure reaction of diglycidyl esters containing bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene units with phthalic annhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, bis(4-aminophenyl)methane, and bis(4-aminophenyl)ethane as hardeners was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The use of 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst agent for the anhydride-epoxide reaction was also investigated. Depending on the curing agent, anhydride or amine, and the concentration of the catalyst, differences in activation energies were found, but negligible changes are observed between both anhydrides and the two primary amines. Thermal properties of the final product were unaltered by the hardener used. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 61 (1996), S. 2179-2184 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: New epoxy resins obtained from a series of bis(4,5-epoxytetrahydrophthalimides) and three different dicarboxylic diacids were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and thermal analyses. Homopolymerization of epoxy groups was observed as a parallel process to the polycondensation reaction. Using Epiclon B with a tertiary amine and hexamethylene diisocyanate as hardeners, we studied the reaction of epoxy groups and hydroxylic groups attached to the cycloaliphatic moiety in the main chain. No exotherms were clearly detected by DSC, and during the curing process, only increases in the Tg, values were observed. These cycloaliphatic epoxy polyesters have similar thermal characteristics to related aromatic epoxy polyesterimides, but have better processability. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Racemic and optically active 3-phenoxy-1,2-epoxypropane (phenylglycidylether, PGE) were polymerized in an ethereal solvent by an initiator system formed by combination of aluminum isopropoxide with one of four different zinc salts (chloride, bromide, iodide and acetate) in several ratios. Conversions and molecular weights of the isotactic polymer fraction are clearly related to the coordinating ability as a Lewis acid of the salts. Using water as co-initiator, the non-stereoselective sites are inactivated and therefore conversions and molecular weights of isotactic polymer increase. Both racemic and enantiomerically pure PPGEs show similar X-ray patterns but some differences in the DSC plots are observed. Conversions, molecular weights and degrees of crystallinity of the isotactic polymer fraction obtained were studied and related to the polymerization conditions and the reaction mechanism.
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