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  • Poeciliidae  (1)
  • benthic invertebrate  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental effects of elevated salinity on three benthic invertebrates in Pyramid Lake, Nevada (1988)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 158 (1988), S. 133-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: saline lakes ; benthic invertebrate ; salt tolerance ; bioassay ; microcosm ; Pyramid Lake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Salinity of Pyramid Lake increased from 3.7 to 5.5‰ between 1933 and 1980. Concern over future reductions in overall species richness prompted experiments to assess responses of dominant lake organisms to elevated salinity. Salinity tolerances of three important benthic invertebrates, Hyalella aztecta, Chironomus utahensis, and Heterocypris sp., were tested in controlled laboratory bioassays and also in a semi-natural environment consisting of large (47 m3) mesocosms. Densities of H. azteca in mesocosms were significantly lower at salinities of 8.0 and 11.0‰ compared with 5.6‰ controls in year one, but not in 8.5‰ salinity mesocosms in year two. The 96-h LC50 for H. azteca was high at 19.5‰. Short-term mortalities of C. utahensis were 100% at salinities of 13.3‰ and greater. Fifty-seven percent fewer larvae matured from third to fourth instar at 8.9 than at 5.5‰ salinity in 17 day subacute bioassays. Furthermore, larval chironomid densities and emergence of adults from mesocosms were significantly reduced at salinities of 8.0‰ and higher compared with controls. Mortality of Heterocypris sp. was 50% at a salinity of 18.6‰ in laboratory bioassays and populations in mesocosms ranged between 40 and 100% lower at salinities of 8.0 and 11.0‰ than in controls. Multiple generation mesocosm experiments indicated all three invertebrates were more sensitive to elevated salinity than results of short-term bioassays. Our studies suggest populations of these invertebrates may be reduced from present levels if Pyramid Lake's salinity were to double, although none are expected to be extirpated. Food habit shifts and reduced production of lake fishes are likely consequences of salinity-induced disruption in the benthic invertebrate forage base.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026272
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response of endangered Poeciliopsis occidentalis sonoriensis in the Río Yaqui drainage, Arizona, to introduced Gambusia affinis (1992)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 33 (1992), S. 249-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Atheriniformes ; Poeciliidae ; Conservation biology ; Endangered fish ; Flash flooding ; Mosquitofish ; Native fishes ; Reproductive effort ; Species replacement ; Yaqui topminnow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Potential coexistence of the native Yaqui topminnow, Poeciliopsis occidentalis sonoriensis, with introduced mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis, was examined in spring pools and streams in San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge, southeastern Arizona. Poeciliopsis never exceeded 12% of total poeciliid numbers in a spring pool where Gambusia was present. Body size, fecundity and reproductive effort of Poeciliopsis were significantly higher in this pool than in similar spring pools where Gambusia was absent. Where Poeciliopsis and Gambusia were syntopic in a stream, numbers of Poeciliopsis declined over 1.7 years, until none were collected. Poeciliopsis then increased to 〉 60% of total poeciliid numbers following flash flooding. Persistence of Poeciliopsis with Gambusia in the spring pool appeared to be a result of compensatory increase in reproductive output, while in the stream it was associated with recurrent flash flooding and a uniform temperature springhead which provided refuge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00005869
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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