Publication Date:
2010-10-15
Description:
Bacterial chromosomes often carry integrated genetic elements (for example plasmids, transposons, prophages and islands) whose precise function and contribution to the evolutionary fitness of the host bacterium are unknown. The CTXphi prophage, which encodes cholera toxin in Vibrio cholerae, is known to be adjacent to a chromosomally integrated element of unknown function termed the toxin-linked cryptic (TLC). Here we report the characterization of a TLC-related element that corresponds to the genome of a satellite filamentous phage (TLC-Knphi1), which uses the morphogenesis genes of another filamentous phage (fs2phi) to form infectious TLC-Knphi1 phage particles. The TLC-Knphi1 phage genome carries a sequence similar to the dif recombination sequence, which functions in chromosome dimer resolution using XerC and XerD recombinases. The dif sequence is also exploited by lysogenic filamentous phages (for example CTXphi) for chromosomal integration of their genomes. Bacterial cells defective in the dimer resolution often show an aberrant filamentous cell morphology. We found that acquisition and chromosomal integration of the TLC-Knphi1 genome restored a perfect dif site and normal morphology to V. cholerae wild-type and mutant strains with dif(-) filamentation phenotypes. Furthermore, lysogeny of a dif(-) non-toxigenic V. cholerae with TLC-Knphi1 promoted its subsequent toxigenic conversion through integration of CTXphi into the restored dif site. These results reveal a remarkable level of cooperative interactions between multiple filamentous phages in the emergence of the bacterial pathogen that causes cholera.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967718/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967718/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hassan, Faizule -- Kamruzzaman, M -- Mekalanos, John J -- Faruque, Shah M -- R01 AI070963/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI070963-02/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 AI070963-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068851/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068851-06/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM068851-07/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-AI070963/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM068851/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Oct 21;467(7318):982-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09469. Epub 2010 Oct 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Genetics Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20944629" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Attachment Sites, Microbiological/genetics
;
Base Sequence
;
Cholera/epidemiology/microbiology
;
Cholera Toxin/genetics
;
Evolution, Molecular
;
Genes, Bacterial/genetics
;
Genes, Viral/*genetics
;
Genome, Bacterial/genetics
;
Genome, Viral/genetics
;
Helper Viruses/genetics/physiology
;
Humans
;
Inovirus/*genetics/pathogenicity/*physiology
;
Lysogeny/genetics/physiology
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Phenotype
;
Plasmids/genetics
;
Prophages/genetics/physiology
;
Recombination, Genetic/genetics
;
Transduction, Genetic
;
Vibrio cholerae/classification/*genetics/pathogenicity/*virology
;
Virus Integration/*genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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