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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (7)
  • PdDx deuteride  (1)
  • Subepidermal mesenchyme (dermal tissue)  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 9 (1971), S. 685-688 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 10 (1972), S. 1399-1409 
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Unique photodegradable polyamides have been prepared by solution polymerization of diphenyl α-truxillate or δ-truxinate with hexamethylene or nonamethylenediamine, followed by melt polymerization. Photochemical properties of resulted polyamides were studied spectroscopically and are discussed in terms of photoreversibility and monomeric derivatives for comparison. Solution viscosity of the polymer was decreased by irradiation with a high-pressure mercury lamp. The polymers from α-truxillic acid depolymerize by the action of monochromatic light of 224 mμ to give rise to cinnamyl groups faster than those from δ-truxinic acid. On the photodegradation of polyalkylene-δ-truxinamide, two types of scission of cyclobutane were found: symmetrical scission, giving rise to two cinnamyl groups, and a symmetrical scission, giving rise to one trans-stilbene and one fumaramide linkage. The intense absorption peak due to cinnamyl groups at 272 mμ of partially photodepolymerized films diminished by the action of 304 mμ light; this can be accounted for by the recombination of cinnamyl groups into cyclobutane ring and some unidentified crosslinking reactions. The photochemical behavior of cyclobutane in the polyamides studied proved to be consistent with that of monomeric derivatives reported previously. The study on thermal properties of the polymers by DTA and TGA revealed that this type of polyamide is quite stable as high as 350°C unless significant steric effects are involved.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 9 (1990), S. 441-445 
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: Cold fusion ; dynamical screening ; mobile deuteron ; fusion rate ; accelerated deuteron ; PdDx deuteride
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The Coulomb potential between deuterons in the PdDx deutende is dynamically screened by the mobile deuterons as well as the electrons. The screening effect by the mobile deuteron at low temperatures is substantial. When the all deuterons become mobile, the fusion rate observed by Jones et al. can be achieved using the classical formula for the ion polarization function, however, the rate using the quantum mechanical formula becomes 10−6–10−7 times smaller than the classical one. By the small increase in deuteron energy, of the order of a few electron volts, the fusion rate in PdDx deuteride increases substantially. But after about 10 eV of deuteron energy, the fusion rate does not increase at such a high rate as it does in the low-energy region. The fusion rate observed by Jones et al. might be explained by the acceleration of the deuteron by the electric field created in the domain boundary between the region containing the deuteron and the region without the deuteron or by the avalanche-type propagation of the fracture.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1191-1203 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Reverse osmosis separation of phenol in various alcoholic solutions using porous cellulose acetate membranes was investigated. The permeation behavior of phenol was measured for cellulose acetate membranes having various pore size distributions which were prepared by annealing at four different temperatures. Some differences were found between the aqueous and the alcoholic solutions in solute permeabilities and product rates. Membranes annealed at 90°C showed higher permselectivity than membranes annealed at lower temperatures. The pore character was classified into two types according to the relation of the product rate of 1-propanol and that of water. It was found in a series of alcoholic solutions that the permeability of phenol, the product rate, and the apparent partition coefficient are closely related to the carbon number of the alcohols, but the values of Jv × η (ca. 1.25 × 10-4 poise·m3/m2·day) and of the permselectivity coefficient (ca. 0.83) remain constant. The result was analyzed by using the three-dimensional solubility parameter to obtain some information for the partition mechanism of solutes in aqueous and alcoholic solutions.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fetal macrophages ; Subepidermal mesenchyme (dermal tissue) ; Rat fetus ; Ontogeny ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary After about 12 days of gestation, fetal macrophages begin to appear in the subepidermal mesenchyme of rat fetuses. The macrophages are ultrastructurally characterized by cytoplasmic vacuoles, abundant polyribosomes and long filopodia. Immunocytologically, they possess Fc and complement (C3) receptors on the cell surface and are capable of immune phagocytosis, Latex or carbon phagocytosis, and glass adherence. From 15 days of gestation, lysosomal granules and miropinocytic vesicles gradually develop, together with an enlargement of Golgi complexes, whereas the number of polysomes and the number and size of cytoplasmic vacuoles are gradually reduced when gestation ends. Finally, the macrophages become amoeboid. Non-specific esterase and endogenous peroxidase activities are always absent in these macrophages. In culture experiments with cell suspensions prepared from the mesenchyme, fetal macrophages show a similar maturation process. Autoradiography with 3H-thymidine demonstrates a high proliferative capacity of the macrophages, particularly during the fetal stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 155 (1972), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde gefunden, daß die oxydative Polymerisation aromatischer Amine mit Ferrichelatverbindungen in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff in wäßrigen Lösungen nach dem MICHAELIS-MENTEN-Mechanismus verläuft, wobei der stationäre Zustand erhalten bleibt. Unter Zugrundelegung dieses Mechanismus wurde die Kinetik der Polymerisation untersucht.DieGeschwindigkeitskonstante der Polymerisation (k2) von p-Phenylendiamin (p-PD) mit Fe(III)EDTA (Eisen-Komplexonat den äthylendiamintetraessigsäure) erreicht ein Maximum bei pH 7-8, während K1 (die reziproke MICHAELIS-Konstante Km) in diesem pH-Bereich ein Minimum aufweist. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante der Oxydationsreaktion (k0) von Fe(II)EDTA mit Sauerstoff allein ist im Vergleich zu k2 sehr klein. Aus dieser Tatsache wurde gefolgert, daß Sauerstoff mit der Eisenchelatverbindung und dem Monomeren den aktivierten Radikalkomplex bildet. Für die verschiedenen Ferrichelatverbindungen ergibt sich folgende Reihenfolge in bezug auf die k2-Werte: Nitrilotriessigsäure (NTA) 〈 N-Hydroxyäthyläthylendiamin (HEDTA) 〈 Äthylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA) 〉 Diäthylentriaminpentaessigsäure (DTPA) 〉 Hexahydrophenylendiamintetraessigsäure (CyDTA), dagegen nehmen die K1-Werte in der Reihe: NTA 〉 HEDTA ≈ EDTA 〉 CyDTA 〉 UTPA ab. Für verschiedene Amine nirnnit K1 mit der Basixität zu. Ein Vergleich der Fe(III)- und Cu(II)-Chelatverbindungen in Bezug auf k2 und kl ergibt: Fe(III)EDTA 〉 Cu(II)EDTA. Infolge dieser Ergebnisse wnrde vorgeschlagen, k2 in ke (den Elektronübertragungsschritt) und in kd (den Dissoziationsschritt des aktivierten Monomeren) zu nnterteilen. Der k2-Wert ist ungefahr gleich kd. Aus diesem Grund betrachten wir kd als geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Schritt.
    Notes: It was found that the oxidative polymerization of aromatic amines in the presence of oxygen with ferric chelate in aqueous solutions proceeds via a mechanism similar to that of the MICHAELIS-MENTEN reaction, the steady state being maintained during the polymerization. On the basis of this mechanism, a kinetic analysis was carried out.The rate constant of the polymerization of p-phenylenediamine (p-PD) with Fe(III)EDTA (ferric ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid) (k2) reaches its maximum at pH 7-8, but K1 (the reciprocal of the MICHAELIS constant (Km)) exhibits a minimum in this pH region. From the fact that the rate constant of the oxidation reaction of Fe(II)EDTA alone with oxygen (k0) is very small compared with k2, it was assumed that oxygen is part of the activated radical complex composed of the iron chelate and the monomer. When different ferric chelates are used, the k2 values vary in this order: Nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) 〈 N-hydroxyethylethylenediamine-N.N′.N′-triacetic acid (HEDTA) 〈 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 〉 diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) 〉 cyclohexylenediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA), but K1 decreases in the following order: NTA 〉 HEDTA ≈ EDTA 〉 CyDTA 〉 DTPA. The order of the K1 values for different amines is in accordance with their basicity. Comparing with ferric and cupric chelates, both k2 and K1 exhibit this order: Fe(III)EDTA 〉 Cu(II)EDTA. The above results suggest k2 to be separated into an electron-transfer step (ke) and a dissociation step of the activated monomer (kd), and that the k2 value is close to that of kd, the latter being the rate-determining step.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 629-640 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: poly(acrylonitrile) ; two-stage draw ; morphology and tensile properties ; effect of molecular weight ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ultradrawing of atactic poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) was investigated for a Mv series, ranging 8.0 × 104-2.3 × 106. Samples for the draw were prepared from 0.5-30 wt % solutions of PAN in N,N′-dimethylformamide. The solutions were converted to a gel by quenching from 100 to 0°C. The dried gel films were initially drawn uniaxially by solid-state coextrusion (first-stage draw) to an extrusion draw ratio (EDR) of 16, followed by further tensile draw at 100-250°C (second-stage draw). The maximum total draw ratio (DRt,max) and tensile properties achieved by two-stage draw increased remarkably with sample Mv. Other factors affecting ductility were the solution concentration from which gel was made and the second-stage draw temperature. The effects of these variables became more prominent with increasing Mv. The temperature for optimum second-stage draw increased with sample Mv. Both the initial gel and the drawn products showed no small-angle X-ray long period scattering maximum, suggesting the absence of a chain-folded lamellae structure, which had been found in our previous study on the drawing of nascent PAN powder. The chain orientation function (fc) and sample density (ρs) increased rapidly with DRt in the lower range (DRt 〈 30) and approached constant values of fc = 0.980-0.996 and ρs = 1.177-1.181 g/cm3, respectively, at higher DRt 〉 30-100. The tensile modulus also showed a similar increase with DRt. The tensile strength increased linearly with DRt, reaching a maximum, and decreased slightly at yet higher DRt. The highest modulus of 28.5 GPa and strength of 1.6 GPa were achieved with the highest Mv of 2.3 × 106. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 629-640, 1998
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 4 (1966), S. 369-373 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 1449-1461 
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Linear polyhydrazides have been obtained successfully by heating diphenyl dicarboxylate with 1,6-dihydrazino hexane. The structure of the polymers was established by the N-deuteration method. The resulting polymers have many remarkable characteristics, such as high water-absorption ratio (20-100%), basic character (pKa = 3.15), the ability to form a metal complex, and the power to initiate vinyl polymerization as a cocatalyst with ferric ion.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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