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  • pharmacokinetics  (3)
  • Paracetamol  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose proportionality study of loperamide following oral administration of loperamide oxide (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 693-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Loperamide ; loperamide oxide ; diarrhoea ; pharmacokinetics ; dose-proportionality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of loperamide, after oral administration of increasing doses (1 to 16 mg) of loperamide oxide, has been investigated in 10 healthy male volunteers, using a randomised cross-over design. Comparison of the maximum plasma loperamide concentration and AUC demonstrated that the bioavailability of loperamide was proportional to the dose of loperamide oxide administered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265940
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of probenecid on paracetamol metabolism and pharmacokinetics (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 551-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Paracetamol ; Probenecid ; drug metabolism ; drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol was investigated in a group of healthy volunteers. Pretreatment with probenecid caused a significant decrease in paracetamol clearance (6.23 to 3.42 ml·min−1·kg−1). The urinary excretion of paracetamol sulphate (243 to 193 mg); and paracetamol glucuronide (348 to 74.5 mg) were significantly reduced, whereas that of paracetamol was unchanged. Probenecid was shown to be an uncompetitive inhibitor of paracetamol glucuronidation in vitro, using rat liver microsomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315313
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of saliva flow rate on saliva phenytoin concentrations: implications for therapeutic monitoring (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 565-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Phenytoin ; Saliva ; therapeutic drug monitoring ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of atropine-induced reductions in saliva flow rate on saliva phenytoin concentrations were evaluated in a randomised placebo-controlled crossover study in a group of epileptic patients stabilised on the drug. Pretreatment with atropine caused significant reductions in saliva flow rates during the first 4 h, compared to saline. The AUC0–4 h for saliva flow rate was significantly reduced by atropine (245 g vs 327 g) and the saliva phenytoin AUC0–4 h was significantly increased (5.6 μg · ml−1 · h vs 4.5 μg · ml−1 · h) without affecting plasma phenytoin concentrations. The saliva/plasma phenytoin AUC0–4 h ratio was therefore significantly increased by atropine (0.15 vs 0.12). However, there was a poor correlation between saliva/plasma phenytoin concentration ratios and saliva flow rates for the two treatments in the individual patients (correlation coefficient ranged from 0.25 to 0.65). These findings demonstrate that saliva phenytoin concentrations are increased by reductions in saliva flow rate. Caution is therefore required when saliva phenytoin concentrations are used for therapeutic monitoring in the presence of factors which may affect saliva flow rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196118
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of steady-state ciprofloxacin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of diazepam in healthy volunteers (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 365-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ciprofloxacin ; Diazepam ; quinolone ; benzodiazepine ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of pretreatment with a seven day course of ciprofloxacin on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an intravenous (5 mg) dose of diazepam were investigated in a group of 12 healthy volunteers in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Ciprofloxacin pretreatment significantly reduced diazepam CL (without ciprofloxacin: 19.5 ml·h−1kg−1; with ciprofloxacin: 12.3 ml·h−1kg−1). Diazepam t1/2 was also prolonged (without ciprofloxacin: 36.7 h; with ciprofloxacin: 71.1 h), but volume of distribution was unaltered (without ciprofloxacin: 1.1 l·kg−1; with ciprofloxacin: 1.1 l·kg−1). However, no significant changes were detected in psychometric tests of digit symbol substitution, tapping rate and short memory, as well as levels of concentration, vigilance and tension measured by visual analogue scales.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316474
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