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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2010-03-06
    Description: Sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases. They mediate adaptive responses to a variety of stresses, including calorie restriction and metabolic stress. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is localized in the mitochondrial matrix, where it regulates the acetylation levels of metabolic enzymes, including acetyl coenzyme A synthetase 2 (refs 1, 2). Mice lacking both Sirt3 alleles appear phenotypically normal under basal conditions, but show marked hyperacetylation of several mitochondrial proteins. Here we report that SIRT3 expression is upregulated during fasting in liver and brown adipose tissues. During fasting, livers from mice lacking SIRT3 had higher levels of fatty-acid oxidation intermediate products and triglycerides, associated with decreased levels of fatty-acid oxidation, compared to livers from wild-type mice. Mass spectrometry of mitochondrial proteins shows that long-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (LCAD) is hyperacetylated at lysine 42 in the absence of SIRT3. LCAD is deacetylated in wild-type mice under fasted conditions and by SIRT3 in vitro and in vivo; and hyperacetylation of LCAD reduces its enzymatic activity. Mice lacking SIRT3 exhibit hallmarks of fatty-acid oxidation disorders during fasting, including reduced ATP levels and intolerance to cold exposure. These findings identify acetylation as a novel regulatory mechanism for mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation and demonstrate that SIRT3 modulates mitochondrial intermediary metabolism and fatty-acid use during fasting.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2841477/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2841477/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hirschey, Matthew D -- Shimazu, Tadahiro -- Goetzman, Eric -- Jing, Enxuan -- Schwer, Bjoern -- Lombard, David B -- Grueter, Carrie A -- Harris, Charles -- Biddinger, Sudha -- Ilkayeva, Olga R -- Stevens, Robert D -- Li, Yu -- Saha, Asish K -- Ruderman, Neil B -- Bain, James R -- Newgard, Christopher B -- Farese, Robert V Jr -- Alt, Frederick W -- Kahn, C Ronald -- Verdin, Eric -- DK019514-29/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK59637/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K01 DK076573/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- K08 AG022325/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- K08 AG022325-01A1/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL068758/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL068758-06A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK026743/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK026743-26A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK019514/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK019514-29/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK067509/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK067509-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U24 DK059637/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- U24 DK059637-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 4;464(7285):121-5. doi: 10.1038/nature08778.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20203611" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acetylation ; Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain/chemistry/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/biosynthesis/metabolism ; Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology/metabolism ; Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation ; Caloric Restriction ; Carnitine/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cold Temperature ; Fasting/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/*metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/metabolism ; Liver/enzymology/metabolism ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; Mice ; Mitochondria/*enzymology/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Sirtuin 3/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Triglycerides/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-09-21
    Description: Circadian clocks are self-sustained cellular oscillators that synchronize oxidative and reductive cycles in anticipation of the solar cycle. We found that the clock transcription feedback loop produces cycles of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) biosynthesis, adenosine triphosphate production, and mitochondrial respiration through modulation of mitochondrial protein acetylation to synchronize oxidative metabolic pathways with the 24-hour fasting and feeding cycle. Circadian control of the activity of the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) generated rhythms in the acetylation and activity of oxidative enzymes and respiration in isolated mitochondria, and NAD(+) supplementation restored protein deacetylation and enhanced oxygen consumption in circadian mutant mice. Thus, circadian control of NAD(+) bioavailability modulates mitochondrial oxidative function and organismal metabolism across the daily cycles of fasting and feeding.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963134/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963134/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peek, Clara Bien -- Affinati, Alison H -- Ramsey, Kathryn Moynihan -- Kuo, Hsin-Yu -- Yu, Wei -- Sena, Laura A -- Ilkayeva, Olga -- Marcheva, Biliana -- Kobayashi, Yumiko -- Omura, Chiaki -- Levine, Daniel C -- Bacsik, David J -- Gius, David -- Newgard, Christopher B -- Goetzman, Eric -- Chandel, Navdeep S -- Denu, John M -- Mrksich, Milan -- Bass, Joseph -- 5P01HL071643-10/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- 5P30AR057216-05/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- F30 DK085936/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- F30 ES019815/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- F32 DK092034/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P01 AG011412/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01AG011412-16/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- P01DK58398/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA014520/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AG038679/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA152601-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA152799-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA16383801A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA168292/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA168292-01A1/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK090242/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK090625/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM065386/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL097817/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK090242-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01DK090625-01A1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01HL097817-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM059785/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 DK007169/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- T32 GM008152/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- T32 HL007909/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Nov 1;342(6158):1243417. doi: 10.1126/science.1243417. Epub 2013 Sep 19.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24051248" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics/metabolism ; Acetylation ; Animals ; Circadian Clocks/genetics/*physiology ; *Energy Metabolism ; Fasting ; Lipid Metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria, Liver/*metabolism ; NAD/*metabolism ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen Consumption ; Sirtuin 3/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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