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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of aqueous mixtures of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, and potassium sulfate at 25°C (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Excess free energy of mixing ; mixed salt solutions ; osmotic coefficients ; KCl ; K2SO4 ; NaCl ; Na2SO4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium sulfate, and potassium sulfate can be mixed in six ways to give ternary mixtures. Two of these have already been studied and results are now presented for the remaining four systems: H2O−NaCl−K2SO4, H2O−Na2SO4−K2SO4, H2O−KCl−Na2SO4, and H2O−KCl−K2SO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01028452
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation constant of acetic acid in N-methylpropionamide from 5 to 55°C and related thermodynamic quantities (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 1 (1972), S. 507-516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Acetic acid ; dissociation constant ; N methylpropionamide ; nonaqueous solvents ; solute-solvent interactions ; weak acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The dissociation constant of acetic acid in N-methylpropionamide (NMP) has been determined at 11 temperatures from 5 to 55°C by measurement of the electromotive force of cells without liquid junction containing hydrogen gas electrodes and silver-silver chloride electrodes. The pK at 25°C was found to be 7.995 (molal scale) as compared with 4.756 in water; thus, acetic acid is much weaker in NMP than in water despite the higher dielectric constant of the nonaqueous solvent (176 as compared with 78.3 at 25°C). The standard changes of enthalpy and entropy for the dissociation of acetic acid were calculated from the temperature coefficient of pK, and thermodynamic functions for the transfer dissociation process were obtained. The weakness of acetic acid in NMP is discussed in terms of electrostatic effects and solute-solvent interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00651727
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Free energy relationships in aqueous amino acid and peptide solutions containing sodium chloride (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 3 (1974), S. 493-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Amino acids ; peptides ; diglycine ; triglycine ; isopiestic method ; ion-dipole interactions ; NaCl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three systems of the type amino acid or peptide-sodium chloride-water have been investigated over wide solute molality ranges using the isopiestic vapor pressure method. The amino acid employed was L-α-alanine, while the peptides were diglycine and triglycine. Equations were obtained for the activity coefficients of these compounds in the salt solutions in terms of the molalities of the solutes. The trace activity coefficients of the peptides were negative at low salt molality and became positive as the salt molality was increased. The limiting interaction parameters were calculated for the systems using the Kirkwood ion-dipole expression and empirical quantities derived from previous work to obtain the salt effect on the nonpolar and amide portion of the molecule. Good agreement was obtained between the calculated values and the experimental results in the case of diglycine, but they diverged in the case of triglycine. The calculated value for L-α-alanine is in poorer agreement with the experimental value than for the other amino acids studied previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00648134
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conductance of tetraalkylammonium salts in propylene carbonate at 25°C (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 7 (1978), S. 631-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Association of ions ; conductivity ; dissociation ; ionization ; ion pairing ; nonaqueous solvents ; propylene carbonate ; solute-solvent effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Conductance measurements of 12 quaternary ammonium salts in propylene carbonate (PC) have been made at 25°C. The cations were either tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, or tetra-n-butylammonium, and the concentrations of salt varied from about 2×10−4 to 5×10−3 M. The data were analyzed by the equation of Pitts. The results showed that the benzoate, nitrobenzoate, and pentachlorophenolate salts are completely dissociated. The nitrophenolate, chlorophenolate, methylsulfonate, and nitrate salts are only slightly associated (K A from 2.5 to 6.5), while the acetate, phenylacetate, and nitrophenolate salts display somewhat more extensive association, with ionpair association constants from 17 to 45. Limiting molar conductances for the anions were derived. The factors affecting ionic mobilities in this dipolar aprotic solvent are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646040
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