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  • 1
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    Association of malaria parasite population structure, HLA, and immunological antagonism (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-03-21
    Description: Host-parasite coevolution has been likened to a molecular arms race, with particular parasite genes evolving to evade specific host defenses. Study of the variants of an antigenic epitope of Plasmodium falciparum that induces a cytotoxic T cell response supports this view. In African children with malaria, the variants present are influenced by the presence of a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type that restricts the immune response to this epitope. The distribution of parasite variants may be further influenced by the ability of cohabiting parasite strains to facilitate each other's survival by down-regulating cellular immune responses, using altered peptide ligand antagonism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gilbert, S C -- Plebanski, M -- Gupta, S -- Morris, J -- Cox, M -- Aidoo, M -- Kwiatkowski, D -- Greenwood, B M -- Whittle, H C -- Hill, A V -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Feb 20;279(5354):1173-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Windmill Road, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9469800" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alleles ; Animals ; Antigens, Protozoan/genetics/*immunology ; Biological Evolution ; Child ; Epitopes ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gambia ; Genes, Protozoan ; Genetic Variation ; HLA-B35 Antigen/*immunology ; Humans ; Ligands ; Malaria, Falciparum/*immunology/parasitology ; Models, Biological ; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics/*immunology ; Protozoan Proteins/genetics/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    The active form of DNA polymerase V is UmuD'(2)C-RecA-ATP (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-07-17
    Description: DNA-damage-induced SOS mutations arise when Escherichia coli DNA polymerase (pol) V, activated by a RecA nucleoprotein filament (RecA*), catalyses translesion DNA synthesis. Here we address two longstanding enigmatic aspects of SOS mutagenesis, the molecular composition of mutagenically active pol V and the role of RecA*. We show that RecA* transfers a single RecA-ATP stoichiometrically from its DNA 3'-end to free pol V (UmuD'(2)C) to form an active mutasome (pol V Mut) with the composition UmuD'(2)C-RecA-ATP. Pol V Mut catalyses TLS in the absence of RecA* and deactivates rapidly upon dissociation from DNA. Deactivation occurs more slowly in the absence of DNA synthesis, while retaining RecA-ATP in the complex. Reactivation of pol V Mut is triggered by replacement of RecA-ATP from RecA*. Thus, the principal role of RecA* in SOS mutagenesis is to transfer RecA-ATP to pol V, and thus generate active mutasomal complex for translesion synthesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2731490/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2731490/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jiang, Qingfei -- Karata, Kiyonobu -- Woodgate, Roger -- Cox, Michael M -- Goodman, Myron F -- ES12259/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- GM32335/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES012259/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R01 ES012259-20/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM021422/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37 GM021422-33/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R37GM21422/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- Intramural NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jul 16;460(7253):359-63. doi: 10.1038/nature08178.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, California 90089-2910, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19606142" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; DNA Replication ; DNA, Single-Stranded/metabolism ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; Escherichia coli Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Weight ; Multienzyme Complexes/chemistry/metabolism ; Rec A Recombinases/*metabolism ; SOS Response (Genetics) ; Transcriptional Activation
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    Experimentally assessing the relative importance of predation and competition as agents of selection (2010)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-05-11
    Description: Field experiments that measure natural selection in response to manipulations of the selective regime are extremely rare, even in systems where the ecological basis of adaptation has been studied extensively. The adaptive radiation of Caribbean Anolis lizards has been studied for decades, leading to precise predictions about the influence of alternative agents of selection in the wild. Here we present experimental evidence for the relative importance of two putative agents of selection in shaping the adaptive landscape for a classic island radiation. We manipulated whole-island populations of the brown anole lizard, Anolis sagrei, to measure the relative importance of predation versus competition as agents of natural selection. We excluded or included bird and snake predators across six islands that ranged from low to high population densities of lizards, then measured subsequent differences in behaviour and natural selection in each population. Predators altered the lizards' perching behaviour and increased mortality, but predation treatments did not alter selection on phenotypic traits. By contrast, experimentally increasing population density dramatically increased the strength of viability selection favouring large body size, long relative limb length and high running stamina. Our results from A. sagrei are consistent with the hypothesis that intraspecific competition is more important than predation in shaping the selective landscape for traits central to the adaptive radiation of Anolis ecomorphs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Calsbeek, Ryan -- Cox, Robert M -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jun 3;465(7298):613-6. doi: 10.1038/nature09020. Epub 2010 May 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA. ryan.calsbeek@dartmouth.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20453837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bahamas ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Birds/physiology ; Body Size/physiology ; Competitive Behavior/*physiology ; Extremities/anatomy & histology ; Geography ; Lizards/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Models, Biological ; Organ Size/physiology ; Phenotype ; Population Density ; Predatory Behavior/*physiology ; Running/physiology ; Selection, Genetic/*physiology ; Snakes/physiology ; Survival Rate
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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