Publication Date:
2014-08-02
Description:
The success story of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive (PV(+)) GABAergic interneurons (GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the mammalian central nervous system is noteworthy. In 1995, the properties of these interneurons were completely unknown. Twenty years later, thanks to the massive use of subcellular patch-clamp techniques, simultaneous multiple-cell recording, optogenetics, in vivo measurements, and computational approaches, our knowledge about PV(+) interneurons became more extensive than for several types of pyramidal neurons. These findings have implications beyond the "small world" of basic research on GABAergic cells. For example, the results provide a first proof of principle that neuroscientists might be able to close the gaps between the molecular, cellular, network, and behavioral levels, representing one of the main challenges at the present time. Furthermore, the results may form the basis for PV(+) interneurons as therapeutic targets for brain disease in the future. However, much needs to be learned about the basic function of these interneurons before clinical neuroscientists will be able to use PV(+) interneurons for therapeutic purposes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hu, Hua -- Gan, Jian -- Jonas, Peter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2014 Aug 1;345(6196):1255263. doi: 10.1126/science.1255263. Epub 2014 Jul 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. ; IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, A-3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria. peter.jonas@ist.ac.at.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25082707" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
*Action Potentials
;
Animals
;
Brain Diseases/physiopathology
;
GABAergic Neurons/metabolism/*physiology
;
Interneurons/metabolism/*physiology
;
Mental Disorders/physiopathology
;
Mice
;
Nerve Net
;
Parvalbumins/*metabolism
;
Synaptic Potentials
;
Synaptic Transmission
Print ISSN:
0036-8075
Electronic ISSN:
1095-9203
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Computer Science
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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