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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 26 (1998), S. 354-361 
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Ethylene formation ; Ethylene decomposition ; Methane ; Acetylene reduction ; Respiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Six soils differing in texture and use were investigated for their ability to produce and decompose ethylene. In addition, changes in methane and CO2 concentrations were monitored. The effects of organic amendments and different water tensions were studied, and a method using low concentrations of acetylene as an inhibitor of ethylene degradation was tested. Possible reduction of acetylene to ethylene was identified by the use of CO or NH4 +-N, of which the latter turned out to be the more reliable method. This reduction only occurred in a grassland soil. Under aerobic soil conditions, gross ethylene production rates of up to 4.7pmol g–1 h–1 could be measured. Highest ethylene production and lowest ethylene decomposition was detected in a spruce forest soil. Fine textured soils produced more ethylene than coarse textured soils. Amended soils produced more ethylene at –100kPa and –5kPa than at 0kPa water tension. Ethylene decomposition was most effective in soils from deciduous woodlands and reached rates of up to 137pmol g–1 h–1. Parallels between ethylene and methane decomposition were observed. The addition of 5mgg–1 glucose and 1mgg–1 methionine not only promoted ethylene production but also inhibited ethylene decomposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: acetylene ; denitrification ; nitrification ; N2O ; N sources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract N2O emissions from two slightly alkaline sandy soils, from arable land and a woodland, were determined in a laboratory experiment in which the soils were incubated with different sources of nitrogen, with or without glucose, and with 0, 1 and 100 mL C2H2 L-1. Large differences in the rate of N2O production were observed between the two soils and between the different N treatments. The arable soil showed very low N2O emissions derived from reduced forms of N as compared with the N2O which was produced when the soil was provided with NO 2 - or NO 3 - and a C source, suggesting a very active denitrifier population. In contrast, the woodland soil showed a very low denitrification activity and a much higher N2O production derived from the oxidation of NH 4 + and reduction of NO 2 - by some processes probably mediated by autotrophic or heterotrophic nitrifiers or dissimilatory NO 2 - reducers. In both soils, the highest N2O emissions were induced by NO 2 - addition. Those emissions were demonstrated to have a biological origin, as no significant N2O emissions were measured when the soil was autoclaved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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