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    Network-based diffusion analysis reveals cultural transmission of lobtail feeding in humpback whales (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-27
    Description: We used network-based diffusion analysis to reveal the cultural spread of a naturally occurring foraging innovation, lobtail feeding, through a population of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) over a period of 27 years. Support for models with a social transmission component was 6 to 23 orders of magnitude greater than for models without. The spatial and temporal distribution of sand lance, a prey species, was also important in predicting the rate of acquisition. Our results, coupled with existing knowledge about song traditions, show that this species can maintain multiple independently evolving traditions in its populations. These insights strengthen the case that cetaceans represent a peak in the evolution of nonhuman culture, independent of the primate lineage.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Allen, Jenny -- Weinrich, Mason -- Hoppitt, Will -- Rendell, Luke -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 26;340(6131):485-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1231976.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sea Mammal Research Unit and Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Fife, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23620054" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Cultural Evolution ; *Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humpback Whale/*psychology ; Male ; Population ; *Social Behavior ; Social Networking ; *Transfer (Psychology)
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Cause and effect in biology revisited: is Mayr's proximate-ultimate dichotomy still useful? (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-17
    Description: Fifty years ago, Ernst Mayr published a hugely influential paper on the nature of causation in biology, in which he distinguished between proximate and ultimate causes. Mayr equated proximate causation with immediate factors (for example, physiology) and ultimate causation with evolutionary explanations (for example, natural selection). He argued that proximate and ultimate causes addressed different questions and were not alternatives. Mayr's account of causation remains widely accepted today, with both positive and negative ramifications. Several current debates in biology (for example, over evolution and development, niche construction, cooperation, and the evolution of language) are linked by a common axis of acceptance/rejection of Mayr's model of causation. We argue that Mayr's formulation has acted to stabilize the dominant evolutionary paradigm against change but may now hamper progress in the biological sciences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Laland, Kevin N -- Sterelny, Kim -- Odling-Smee, John -- Hoppitt, William -- Uller, Tobias -- 232823/European Research Council/International -- BB/D015812/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 16;334(6062):1512-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1210879.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9TS, UK. knl1@st-andrews.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174243" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Biology/history ; Causality ; Female ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Male ; *Models, Biological
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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