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  • 1
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    Primary separation between three aircraft using traffic displays (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The use of a sophisticated traffic and map display termed electronic flight rules (EFR) by general aviation pilots for primary seperation in low density airspace is studied. The experimental flights were made under four conditions: with and without sensor noise in the traffic information and with and without communications for traffic coordination. Pilots were required to maintain two miles horizontal and 500 ft vertical separation from other aircraft for 24 different traffic situations repeated randomly for each of the four experimental conditions. Of 1152 aircraft encounters 12.8 percent were in violation of separation minimums. In general, the effects of sensor noise were minimal, communications affected some of the measures, and the group effect was quite significant. When pilots were able to communicate and coordinate their maneuvers, the time to resolve conflict was reduced.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Conflict resolution maneuvers during near miss encounters with cockpit traffic displays (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The benefits and liabilities associated with pilots' use of a cockpit traffic display to assess the threat posed by air traffic and to make small maneuvers to avoid situations which would result in collision avoidance advisories are experimentally studied. The crew's task was to fly a simulated wide-body aircraft along a straight course at constant altitude while intruder aircraft appeared on a variety of converging trajectories. The main experimental variables were the amount and quality of the information displayed on the intruder aircraft's estimated future position. Pilots were to maintain a horizontal separation of at least 1.5 nautical miles or a vertical separation of 500 ft, so that collision avoidance advisories would not be triggered. The results show that pilots could usually maneuver to provide the specified separation but often made course deviations greater than 1.5 nm or 500 ft.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 3
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    Simulator evaluation of three situation and guidance displays for V/STOL aircraft zero-zero landing approaches (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A simulator study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the design features of the electronic displays for possible use in V/STOL aircraft: a combined transition display (Display A), a perspective display (Display B), and a hover display (Display C). Display B presents height information via integrated elements; Displays A and C present information similarly except that Display C presents vertical and lateral guidance via conventional cross pointers. High pilot work load was attained by evaluating the displays only as situational guidance displays in a simulated vehicle without stability augmentation. Glide slopes of 6 and 15 deg were used, and steady-state and no-wind conditions were randomly presented. Six pilots participated, and fifty-five objective performance measures were taken along with pilot opinions
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 4
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    Separation Monitoring with Four Types of Predictors on a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (1982)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A clear and concise display format for use in later full mission simulator evaluation of the cockpit display of traffic information (CDTI) concept was studied. This experiment required airline pilots to monitor a CDTI and make perceptual judgments concerning the future position of a single intruder aircraft in relationship to their own aircraft (ownship). The main experimental variable was the type of predictor used to display future position of each aircraft. Predictors were referenced to the ground or to ownship and they either included turn rate information or did not. Other variables were the aircraft's separation distance when the judgment was required and the type of encounter (straight or turning). Results indicate that under these experimental conditions fewer errors were made when the predictor included turn rate information. There was little difference in overall error rate for the curved ground referenced and the ownship referenced predictors.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: 16th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 439-446
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Horizontal Conflict Resolution Maneuvers with a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Pilot resolution of potential conflicts in the horizontal plane when the only information available on the other aircraft was presented on a Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) is investigated. The pilot's task was to assess the situation and if necessary maneuver so as to avoid the other aircraft. No instructions were given on evasive strategy or on what was considered to be an acceptable minimum separation. The results indicate that pilots had a strong bias of turning toward the intruder aircraft in order to pass behind it. In more than 50% of the encounters with a 90 degree crossing angle in which the intruder aircraft was programmed to pass behind the aircraft, the pilots maneuvered so as to pass behind the intruder. This bias was not as strong with the display which showed a prediction of the intruder's relative velocity. The average miss distance for all encounters was about 4500 feet.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: JPL Proc. of the 17th Ann. Conf. on Manual control; p 51-62
    Format: application/pdf
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