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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between follicular fluid steroid hormone concentrations, oocyte maturity, in vitro fertilization and embryonic development in the rhesus monkey (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 27 (1990), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Gonadotropin ; Estradiol ; Progesterone ; Testosterone ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Oocytes and matched samples of follicular fluid (FF) were obtained from 70 follicles of five rhesus monkeys stimulated with either pregnant mare serum gonadotropin or human menopausal gonadotropin. Follicular aspiration was performed 30-32 h after human chorionic gonadotropin administration. The concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in FF were measured. Twenty-six percent of oocytes were classified as mature (M), 41% matured in vitro (Miv), 13% were dysmature, and 20% atretic. M oocytes were associated with significantly higher levels of P and a higher P:E2 ratio. There were no differences in hormone levels associated with fertilized and nonfertilized oocytes. Thirty-five embryos developed to the six- to eight-cell stage in vitro, of which 13 exhibited optimal cleavage rates. Significantly lower levels of E2 and higher P:E2 ratios were associated with the more rapidly cleaving embryos. Proportionally more embryos showing optimal cleavage rates developed from M compared to Miv oocytes, and only embryos derived from M oocytes developed to blastocysts in culture. Optimal cleavage rates to the six- to eight-cell stage in vitro, rather than fertilization rates, are a better indicator of (subsequent) developmental capacity, and, in this study, embryonic development was closely associated with the maturity of the oocyte at recovery.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080270209
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variables affecting the yield and developmental potential of embryos following superstimulation and in vitro fertilization in rhesus monkeys (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 13 (1986), S. 327-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: follicle stimulation ; rhesus monkey ; embryo development ; estradiol ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Three follicular-stimulation protocols were compared to evaluate the yield and quality of oocytes obtained from rhesus monkeys. Five animals received a high-dose regimen of PMSG (protocol I), three received a lower-dose regimen (protocol II), and two received Clomid-Pergonal (protocol III). Oocytes were recovered at laparoscopy after HCG injection, fertilized in vitro, and cultured up to the blastocyst stage. Yields of mature oocytes were 17.2 ± 13.0 (80% of total recovered), 6.7 ± 6.6 (41%), and 4.5 ± 2.5 (90%) per stimulated cycle for protocols I, II, and III, respectively. Of mature oocytes, 72%, 45%, and 89% were fertilized for protocols I, II and III, respectively. Protocol I produced the most fertilized oocytes per stimulated cycle (11.6 ± 11.6) and the greatest E2 production (approximately fourfold that maximally expected for an unstimulated cycle). For the combined protocol I and II results, there was a significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05) between mean embryo development score and E2 production. Fertilized oocytes from protocol I yielded 7.8 ± 8.0 morulae and 6.8 ± 7.2 early zonal blastocysts per cycle. After transfer of nine singleton embryos to surrogate recipients, one live birth resulted. We conclude that our high-dose PMSG regimen offers the best means at present for obtaining susbstantial numbers of developmentally competent oocytes in rhesus monkeys and that more extensive use of rapid serum E2 assays for monitoring both stimulated cycles and those of potential surrogate recipients could help to predict the success of in vitro fertilization and embryonic development following embryo transfer in rhesus monkeys.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120130407
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