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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (140)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (38)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyanhydride-imides (1976)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 55 (1976), S. 85-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Acht Imid-dicarbonsäuren wurden aus Trimellitsäureanhydrid, Pyromellitsäureanhydrid und verschiedenen aliphatischen Aminocarbonsäuren (HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, n = 1,2,3,5) synthetisiert.Die entsprechenden Copolyimid-anhydride wurden nach den üblichen Methoden in Anwesenheit von Essigsäureanhydrid hergestellt1,2.Die Copolyimide haben eine aliphatisch-aromatische Struktur; ihre Eigenschaften wurden in Abhängigkeit der Struktur untersucht und durch IR-Spektren, Elementaranalyse und viskosimetrische Messungen charakterisiert. Löslichkeit, Hydrolysierbarkeit und Wärmestabilität wurden bestimmt.
    Notes: Eight imide-diacids were synthesized from trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride and aminoacids of the formula HOOC—(CH2)n—NH2, with n = 1,2,3,5. From them, polyanhydride-imides were obtained following a general method of formation of polyanhydrides in the presence of acetic anhydride1,2.These co-polyimides have an aliphatic-aromatic structure and the relation between the general properties and the amount of the aliphatic part in the repeat unit was studied. IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and viscosity measurements were used for the characterization. Studies of solubility, hydrolysis resistance and thermal properties were also made.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1976.050550107
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of different cross-linking systems on properties of highly saturated nitrile rubber compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 1073-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The peroxide curing of highly saturated nitrile rubber was analyzed. Reactions such as chain scission occurred that account for the drop in physical properties. The results are compared with an alternative cross-linking that is currently being assessed. With a new curing agent the chain-scission reaction was not present and the properties of the compounds were improved. Finally, an estimation of the free volume of the materials tested was attempted by using the WLF equation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540809
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of PVC stabilization with epoxides using dynamic pH determinations (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1777-1785 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The activation energy (Ea) for the dehydrochlorination of PVC and PVC stabilized with an epoxide was determined by a method involving dynamic pH measurements. The Ea increase was 5 kcal/mole between unformulated PVC (Ea = 22.6 kcal/mole) and any of the other formulations (Ea = 27.7-28.6 kcal/mole). On the basis of this and data contained in the literature, research alternatives for the stabilization mechanism are proposed using model compounds.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240801
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the magnetic behavior of the MA 956 superalloy (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37 (1997), S. 453-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: magnetic behavior ; ferritic superalloy ; alumina coatings ; thermal oxidation treatment ; surgical implants ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: MA 956 superalloy is a ferritic stainless material which develops a fine, dense, and well-adhered α-alumina layer upon heat treatment at elevated temperatures. This unique capability makes MA 956 attractive for surgical implants. In this work, the magnetic behavior of the material before and after thermal oxidation treatment required to develop the alumina layer is investigated. The thermal oxidation treatment yields a microstructure of elongated grains and a significant change in the texture. Despite these strong microstructural differences between the as-received and heat-treated materials, the hysteretic behavior is not greatly affected by them. MA 956 is a soft magnetic material irrespective of the material condition. The coercitive force and residual magnetization of the material are somewhat lower under heat-treated conditions than in the as-received condition. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 453-456, 1997.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Side-chain crystallinity, heat of melting, and thermal transitions in poly[N-(10-n-alkyloxycarbonyl-n-decyl)maleimides] (PEMI) (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 18 (1980), S. 2197-2207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The heat of melting, the melting temperature Tm, and the sub-Tg transition temperature have been studied from -120°C to above Tm in a series of 11 poly[N-(10-n-alkyloxycarbonyl-n-decyl)]-maleimides (PEMI). Side-chains from ethyl to n-docosyl with n even have been included. The contribution to the heat of melting per methylene group shows that the hexagonal paraffin crystal modification is present in these poly(N-maleimides), in agreement with x-ray data for the same compounds. The enthalpy data show that only a part of the outer methylene groups are present in the crystalline aggregates. Furthermore, DSC traces exhibit a typical distribution of crystallite sizes, which become narrower as the side-chains become longer. The critical chain length needed to form a stable nucleus includes nine methylene groups in the outer part of the n-alkyl side-chain. The influence of the side-chain length and crystallinity on the γ-transition temperature of these polymers was also investigated. In the range where these polymers are essentially amorphous the sub-Tg transition temperature decreases continuously as the number of methylene groups in the side-chain increases. This transition is attributed to internal motion within the external side-group without any interaction with the main chain. This is presumably made possibly by the partial rotation of the oxycarbonyl group. We suggest that this transition is similar to the well known γ transition which has been attributed to various segmental motions in all ethylene copolymers and in all homopolymers containing a determined number of—CH2—units in the main-chain or in the side-chain. Estimates based on the chemical structure, yield a value for the γ transition of —CH2—similar to that measured by other methods in polyethylene and related materials.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.180181104
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The adsorption of tannic acid on hydrophilic cotton and its effect on the electrokinetic properties of this cellulose fibre in a cationic dye solution (1987)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 38 (1987), S. 96-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Meßergebnisse zur Adsorption von Tannin auf hydrophiler Baumwolle bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen werden vorgestellt. Die Thermodynamik des Adsorptionsgleichgewichtes des Tannins wird untersucht. Mit zunehmender Temperatur nimmt die Menge des adsorbierten Tannins ab. Das Adsorptionsgleichgewicht des Tannins läßt sich durch eine Adsorptionsisotherme nach Freundlich beschreiben. Weiterhin wurde das Strömungspotential des Systems Cellulose/Tannin/Rhodamin-B-Lösung untersucht, und der Einfluß der Beize auf die elektrokinetischen Eigenschaften der mit einem kationischen Farbstoff gefärbten Cellulosefasern wurde analysiert. Das Verhalten des elektrokinetischen Potentials konnte im wesentlichen durch die Bildung von H-Brücken zwischen den phenolischen Hydroxylgruppen des Tannins und den Carboxygruppen der Cellulose sowie durch die elektrostatische Anziehung zwischen dem Farbstoff-Kation und der Faseroberfläche erklärt werden.
    Notes: Data on the adsorption of tannic acid on the hydrophilic cotton at different temperatures are presented. The thermodynamics of the adsorption equilibria of tannic acid is investigated, and it is established that the increase in temperature decreases the amount of tannic acid adsorbed. The adsorption equilibria of tannic acid are described by the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Also, an experimental investigation on streaming potentials of cellulose/tannic acid/Rhodamine B solutions system is described and the effect of the mordant on the electrokinetic properties of cellulosic fibres dyed with a cationic dye is analyzed. The behaviour of the electrokinetic potential could be explained mainly by the H-bonds formed between the phenolic hydroxy groups of tannic acid and the carboxy groups of cellulose and by the electrostatic attraction between the dye cation and the surface of the fibre.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1987.010380121
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1H-nmr studies on the structure of a new thionin from barley endosperm (1995)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 36 (1995), S. 751-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new thionin from barley, ω-hordothionin, has been shown to exist in aqueous solution as a mixture of two different isoforms in a 3:2 ratio, as revealed by a complete analysis of its two-dimensional 1H-nmr spectra. The conformational heterogeneity arises frtm cis-trans isomerism ahout the Phe 12-Pro 13 peptide bond, where the major, form corresponds to the cis conformation. The complete assignment of chemical shifts and nuclear Overhaiiser effects (NOES) of the two isoforms allow a detailed comparative analysis of their conformational properties, even though a complete calculation of their solution structures is not possible because of a somewhat limited number of NOE constraints. Structures for the two isomers could be modeled, however, on the basis of the high structural homology between ω-hordothionin and related γ-thionins, and under the conditions of satisfying all observed experimental data. The two isoforms adopt practically identical global folds and the structural changes imposed by cis-trans isomerization are confined to the region proximal to Pro 13. The cis-trans isomerism occurs in a conserved loop connecting the first β-strand of the triple-stranded antiparallel β-sheet and the α-helix. A comparative analysis of the sequences of this loop in the different thionins suggests that the cis-trans equilibrium about the X-Pro peptide bond depends on the size of the side chain of X (X = Gly in γ-thionins and Phe in ω-thionin). The structural homology of this new thionin with γ-thionins as well as with some scorpion toxins and insect defensins suggests that these proteins may share a common mode of functional activity. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360360608
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature dependence of the viscosity of dilute poly(N-vinylcarbazole) solutions in 1,4-dioxane (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 765-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The dependence of the viscosity of dilute solutions of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) in 1,4-dioxane on the temperature is studied by Moore's treatment. The numerical values of the constants from this treatment Ke, Kβ, and β indicate that this polymer in 1,4-dioxane assumes the characteristic behaviour of flexible polymers. The numerical values of the parameters KΘ and B from the Stockmayer-Fixman plot and the Mark-Houwink constants K and a are determined and the temperature coefficient of the unperturbed dimensions is evaluated for this system.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.021850413
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheologic properties of semi-rigid polymers for the example of cellulose nitrate, 2Part 1: cf.13. Influence of molecular weight distribution on the flow curves of semi-dilute solutionsDedicated to Professor H. J. Cantow on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 189 (1988), S. 2409-2417 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The apparent viscosity η of semi-dilute solutions of cellulose nitrate in ethyl acetate was measured as a function of shear rate at 20°C by rotational viscometry. The mass concentration c of the solutions was chosen such that the product between c and the intrinsic viscosity was 8 〈 c · [η] 〈 22, lying in the range of viscosity-average degrees of polymerization covered by the employed samples 550 〈 DPη 〈 7600. The experimental flow curves were interpreted in terms of Graessley's theory for non-Newtonian flow of polydisperse polymers. The polydispersities derived for five individual samples according to the theory of Graessley were used for calculating the resulting theoretical curves belonging to four binary mixtures each between two of them. The reasonable good agreement between calculated and experimental reduced flow curves of blends indicates consistency of the theory when applied to the present system of a semi-rigid polymer. This and other results point to a flow behaviour of semi-rigid cellulose nitrate being similar to that of linear flexible polymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1988.021891018
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Addition of chlorine and nitrogen dioxide to linear polybutadiene. Degree of isomerization (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 2317-2328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Reaktion von Chlor oder Stickstoffdioxid mit Polybutadien besteht hauptsächlich in einer Addition an die im Polymeren anwesenden Doppelbindungen; daneben treten auch verschiedene weitere Reaktionen, wie Vernetzung und cis-trans-Isomerisierung, häufig auf. Die Additionsreaktion von Stickstoffdioxid ist immer von einer Cyclisierung begleitet.Bei der Umsetzung mit Chlor wurde die cis-trans-Isomerisierung, der Einfluß des Lösungsmittels und des Katalysators und die trans-gauche-C—Cl-Konfiguration mit Hilfe der IR-Spektroskopie untersucht.Bei der Reaktion mit Stickstoffdioxid wurde die cis-trans-Isomerisierung, der Cyclisierungsgrad und der Anteil von vernetzten Doppelbindungen ebenfalls durch IR-Spektroskopie untersucht.
    Notes: The reaction of chlorine or nitrogen dioxide with polybutadiene consists mainly in their addition to the double bonds of the polymer, but it is often followed by a number of secondary reactions, such as crosslinking and cis-trans isomerization. The addition reaction of nitrogen dioxide is always accompanied by cyclisation.The cis-trans isomerization, the effect of the solvent nature and catalyst, and the C—Cl trans-gauche configuration in the reaction with chlorine were studied by IR spectroscopy.The cis-trans isomerization, the degree of cyclisation, and the proportion of crosslinked double bonds, in the reaction of nitrogen dioxide were also studied by IR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1974.021750808
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