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  • Life Sciences (General)  (1)
  • cytoplasmic microtubule complex  (1)
  • in vivo control  (1)
  • 1
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    Progesterone facilitates chromosome instability (aneuploidy) in p53 null normal mammary epithelial cells (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Mammary epithelial cells from p53 null mice have been shown recently to exhibit an increased risk for tumor development. Hormonal stimulation markedly increased tumor development in p53 null mammary cells. Here we demonstrate that mammary tumors arising in p53 null mammary cells are highly aneuploid, with greater than 70% of the tumor cells containing altered chromosome number and a mean chromosome number of 56. Normal mammary cells of p53 null genotype and aged less than 14 wk do not exhibit aneuploidy in primary cell culture. Significantly, the hormone progesterone, but not estrogen, increases the incidence of aneuploidy in morphologically normal p53 null mammary epithelial cells. Such cells exhibited 40% aneuploidy and a mean chromosome number of 54. The increase in aneuploidy measured in p53 null tumor cells or hormonally stimulated normal p53 null cells was not accompanied by centrosome amplification. These results suggest that normal levels of progesterone can facilitate chromosomal instability in the absence of the tumor suppressor gene, p53. The results support the emerging hypothesis based both on human epidemiological and animal model studies that progesterone markedly enhances mammary tumorigenesis.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: The FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (ISSN 0892-6638); 14; 14; 2221-9
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitotic inhibition and chromosome displacement induced by estradiol in chinese hamster cells (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 7 (1987), S. 235-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: diethylstilbestrol ; estradiol ; microtubules ; mitotic apparatus ; cytoplasmic microtubule complex ; indirect immunofluorescence ; electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We tested diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17 β-estradiol as mitotic arrestants to determine their effects on chromosome distribution, spindle microtubules, and the cytoplasmic microtubule complex (CMTC) in the Chinese hamster strain Don. Cytological experiments assessed micronuclei induction, chromosome displacement, and anaphase recovery Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy with antibody to tubulin and electron microscopy were used to illustrate effects on microtubules. Both DES and estradiol were potent inhibitors of mitosis when applied to cells in vitro. Estradiol induced micronuclei at a greater frequency than did DES. Estradiol-arrested metaphases often contained misaligned chromosomes despite the presence of a bipolar spindle and an equatorial plate. Equatorial plates were not observed in DES-arrested cells. Cells recovered quickly from estradiol exposure upon removal of the steroid. The frequency of abnormal metaphases and abnormal anaphases declined as the recovery period increased. Microtubule experiments showed that DES inhibited spindle assembly and disassembled the CMTC, whereas estradiol, at similar concentrations, arrested mitosis in a manner that allowed spindle assembly. A definite effect on the CMTC by estradiol could not be determined. However, changes in cell morphology were observed. In the presence of estradiol, centrosomes organized microtubules that joined with kinet-ochores of chromosomes at the equatorial plate as well as with those of misaligned chromosomes. Misaligned chromosomes appeared predominantly at polar regions of mitotic cells. Following drug removal, the pole-oriented chromosomes reoriented at the equatorial plate. The unique arresting properties of estradiol may prove useful in studies of chromosome migration and segregation during mitosis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970070306
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and control of assembly of cytoplasmic microtubules in normal and transformed cells (1976)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure 5 (1976), S. 497-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0091-7419
    Keywords: Cytoplasmic microtubule complex ; calcium ; normal and transformed cells ; in vivo control ; effects of trypsin ; Life Sciences ; Molecular Cell Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Indirect immunoflurescence analyses using antibodieis directed against 6S tubulin have shown an elaborate cytoplasmic microtubule complex (CMTC) in nontransformed cells in culture. The CMTC is strikingly altered in cells that have been transformed spontaneously by viruses or by chemicals. Assembly of microtubules in vitro and in vivo is markedly inhibited in the presence of elevated levels of calcium. Alteration of the surface of normal cells by brief treatment with low concentrations of trypsin initiate a rapid breakdown of cytoplasmic microtubules. Finally, a hypothesis is presented relating microtubule assembly and surface membrane modulation suggesting that calcium is the primary modulating signal.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jss.400050407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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