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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Orography on Evaporation (1998)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 86 (1998), S. 487-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Keywords: Orography ; Planetary boundary layer ; Atmospheric feedback ; Surface resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The effect of orography on the spatial variability of surface evaporation is studied numerically for two hill heights and two prescribed forms of surface resistance. A numerical model of the planetary boundary layer carrying scalars of temperature and specific humidity, and with a surface energy balance scheme, is employed. It is found that the difference in mean evaporation between model runs with hills and analogous runs for flat terrain may be explained primarily by an increase in surface area and adiabatic cooling at the hill surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1000795206459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Heart rate dynamics before spontaneous onset of ventricular fibrillation in patients with healed myocardial infarcts (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The traditional methods of analyzing heart rate (HR) variability have failed to predict imminent ventricular fibrillation (VF). We sought to determine whether new methods of analyzing RR interval variability based on nonlinear dynamics and fractal analysis may help to detect subtle abnormalities in RR interval behavior before the onset of life-threatening arrhythmias. RR interval dynamics were analyzed from 24-hour Holter recordings of 15 patients who experienced VF during electrocardiographic recording. Thirty patients without spontaneous or inducible arrhythmia events served as a control group in this retrospective case control study. Conventional time- and frequency-domain measurements, the short-term fractal scaling exponent (alpha) obtained by detrended fluctuation analysis, and the slope (beta) of the power-law regression line (log power - log frequency, 10(-4)-10(-2) Hz) of RR interval dynamics were determined. The short-term correlation exponent alpha of RR intervals (0.64 +/- 0.19 vs 1.05 +/- 0.12; p 〈0.001) and the power-law slope beta (-1.63 +/- 0.28 vs -1.31 +/- 0.20, p 〈0.001) were lower in the patients before the onset of VF than in the control patients, but the SD and the low-frequency spectral components of RR intervals did not differ between the groups. The short-term scaling exponent performed better than any other measurement of HR variability in differentiating between the patients with VF and controls. Altered fractal correlation properties of HR behavior precede the spontaneous onset of VF. Dynamic analysis methods of analyzing RR intervals may help to identify abnormalities in HR behavior before VF.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: The American journal of cardiology (ISSN 0002-9149); Volume 83; 6; 880-4
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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