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  • 1
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    Magnetochemistry of the Apollo landing sites (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A coherent magnetochemical picture of lunar samples is presented which was determined from a synthesis of available magnetic-property data and corresponding chemical and petrographic data for soils and rock samples collected at the Apollo landing sites. The magnetic properties of the samples are correlated with Al/Si ratio as well as with telescope spectral reflectivity curves, and magnetochemical diagrams based on composition-sensitive magnetic parameters describing the Fe metal and Fe(2+) contents are used to classify the samples. It is shown that the relative metal-fraction size distribution and magnetic stability for different rock types and soils of varying Al/Si values are reflected in a plot of the ratio of saturation isothermal remanence to saturation magnetization vs the ratio of remanent coercive force to coercive force. It is concluded that all the Apollo landing sites have distinct telescope curves correlated with petrology, chemistry, Al/Si values, and magnetic properties. The established correlations suggest the possibility of estimating the magnetic properties of the regolith from remote-sensing observations.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    The magnetic characteristics of returned lunar samples and their implications for regolith processes (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Alteration of an annealed and irradiated lunar fines sample by adsorbed water (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Apollo 12 lunar fines sample 12070,403 was annealed at 1000 C and subsequently irradiated with a beam of 130 MeV Fe(9+) ions. Adsorptions of nitrogen and water were measured before and after the irradiation. Prior to the irradiation, the fines were nonporous and water had no effect on the physical characteristics of the lunar fines. In contrast, after the irradiation, the interaction with water caused an increase in the specific surface area and created a pore system. These results are definitive evidence that the interaction of water with damage tracks is the prime factor involved in the alteration of lunar fines by adsorbed water.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 28; 1, No; Nov. 197
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  • 4
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    Magnetic field and shock effects and remanent magnetization in a hypervelocity impact experiment (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The impact of aluminum projectiles onto high-alumina terrestrial basalt blocks at 13-15 km/s in the presence of a variable magnetic field is studied. Plasma production but not field production was detected, and characteristics of the remanence and the shocked basalt are reported. Mineralogical data suggest that the magnetization acquired in the material near the craters is shock remanence. The experimental results might indicate that shock effects or possibly thermoremanence in ejecta fragments, may be responsible for part of the magnetization of the lunar surface.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 42; 1, Ja; Jan. 197
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  • 5
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    Lunar magnetic history (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: The origin of the lunar magnetic field remains a mystery. None of the various speculations are convincing. Suggestions of an early solar system field are not consistent with the low magnetization of the oldest samples. Models based upon a close approach of the Moon to the Earth have to account for the 300 M.Y. approach. Lunar dynamo models must explain why this dynamo which must operate in so small a core can operate so efficiently. It is concluded that it is now hard to escape from the idea that there was a relatively strong ancient lunar field between 3.9 and 3.6 B.Y. Moreover it is curious that the existence of this field coincided with the termination of the heavy bombardment of the Moon and mare basalt extrusion.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Planetary Inst. Conf. on the Origin of the Moon; p 8
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  • 6
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    Lunar paleointensities via the IRMs normalization method and the early magnetic history of the moon (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A method for determining a planetary body's magnetic field environment over time is proposed. This relative paleointensity method is based on the normalization of natural remanence to saturation remanence magnetization as measured after each sample is exposed to a strong magnetic field. It is shown that this method is well suited to delineating order-of-magnitude changes in magnetizing fields.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 7
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    On the natural remanent magnetism of certain mare basalts (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The natural remanent magnetization (NRM) and magnetic properties of five fine-grain mare basalts were investigated. The NRM of two vitrophyres has a large soft component, and the directional stability during AF demagnetization is poor. The remaining samples have NRM which is too soft to be of thermal origin and yet too hard to be simply isothermal contamination. It is suggested that the NRM of the samples could be shock remanent magnetization.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 19, 1979 - Mar 23, 1979; Houston, TX
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Impact processes and lunar magnetism (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Progress reports are presented of work related to the magnetic characterization of lunar samples, taking into account total iron ratios, questions of hysteresis classification, aspects of normalized remanence to remanent coercivity plots, and a comparison of NRM of lunar samples with hysteresis characterization. Shock experiments on lunar soil are also considered, giving attention to the effect of shock on the magnetic characteristics of lunar soil and the acquisition of remanence during shock. Preliminary measurements of individual soil particles and of samples from the Lunar Crater are discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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  • 9
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    Some surface properties of Apollo 17 soils (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The surface chemistry of Apollo 17 lunar fines samples 74220 (the orange soil) and 74241 (the gray control soil) has been studied by measuring the adsorption of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen (all at -196 C) and also water vapor (at 20 C or 22 C). In agreement with results for samples from other missions, both samples had low initial specific surface areas, consisted of nonporous particles, and were attacked by water vapor at high relative pressures to give an increased specific surface area and create a pore system which gave rise to a capillary condensation hysteresis loop in the adsorption isotherms. In contrast to previous samples, both of the Apollo 17 soils were partially hydrophobic in their initial interaction with water vapor (both samples were completely hydrophilic after the reaction with water). The results are consistent with formation at high temperatures without subsequent exposure to significant amounts of water.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 18, 1974 - Mar 22, 1974; Houston, TX
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  • 10
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    A review of lunar paleointensity data and implications for the origin of lunar magnetism (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A lunar surface field comparable in intensity to the earth's magnetic field, existing from 3.6 to 3.8 AE, is suggested by paleointensity estimation measurements of more than 50 lunar samples by means of the saturation remanence normalization method. The present data differ from previous descriptions of the lunar field's variation with time, in that the oldest samples are among the most weakly magnetized, and the time of extrusion of the Apollo 11 low and high potassium basalts is suggested to have dropped in paleointensity by an order of magnitude. The coincidence of the high field era with the termination of basin forming impacts at the beginning of mare basalt extrusion suggests a common cause, such as the close approach of the moon to the earth at 3.8 AE.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 15, 1982 - Mar 19, 1982; Houston, TX
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