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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (8)
  • SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL)  (1)
  • Space Sciences (General)  (1)
  • Space Sciences (General); Solar Physics  (1)
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  • 1
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    Magnetic field observations during the Ulysses flyby of Jupiter (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-24
    Description: The Ulysses magnetic field measurements confirmed the general structure of the dayside magnetosphere and showed that the importance of the current sheet dynamics extends well into the middle and outer magnetosphere. On the dusk side, the magnetic field was found to be swept back significantly toward the magnetotail. It is pointed out that the external current densities need to be modified with respect to previous observations on the inbound pass which shows that Jovian magnetic and magnetospheric models are highly sensitive to both the intensity and the structure assumed for the current sheet. Data obtained revealed that all boundaries and boundary layers in the magnetosphere have a very complex microstructure.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 257; 5076,
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  • 2
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    The spacecraft 'fleet' to comet Halley - An introduction (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Questions related to the formation and the characteristics of comets are discussed, and it is suggested that an evolutionary link exists between comets, prebiotic organic synthesis, and the origin of life as it is known. Fundamental questions about the solar wind interaction with comets, are considered, giving attention to the ionization mechanisms in the different cometary regions, the presence of field-aligned currents, and the cometary plasma tail. It is pointed out that some of the questions will soon be answered when the NASA-ESA International Cometary Explorer (ICE) goes through the tail of Giacobini-Zinner in September 1985, and when a five spacecraft 'fleet' arrives at comet Halley in March 1986.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: EOS (ISSN 0096-3941); 66; 33
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  • 3
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    Bursts of MeV Jovian protons observed in interplanetary space (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Bursts of protons (energy between 0.6 and 3.4 MeV) were observed sunward of Jupiter's bow shock out to a radial distance of 200 Jupiter radii by the University of Iowa detector G on Pioneer 11. These observations supplement earlier reports by the University of Chicago and Goddard Space Flight Center groups and strengthen their suggestion of a Jovian origin by virture of the findings presented here that the protons exhibit a very anisotropic, and field-aligned pitch angle distribution directed away from the planet and that the bursts are not associated with interplanetary disturbances. Power spectra of the proton counting rates show no significant power at Jupiter's rotational period.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: AD-A101840 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; Apr. 1
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  • 4
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    A possible magnetic wake of Titan - Pioneer 11 observations (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The paper deals with measurements of the magnetic field along the outbound leg of Pioneer's trajectory at Saturn, which suggest that the spacecraft may have passed through the magnetic wake of Titan at a distance of 145 Titan radii downstream from Titan. The data obtained over a period of several hours around the crossing of Titan's L shell exhibit a number of characteristics which are qualitatively consistent with predictions based on theories of the interaction between a supersonic magnetized plasma and a conducting or magnetized planetary body. In addition, values of the plasma mass density derived from the interaction geometry are consistent with an upper limit inferred from in situ plasma measurements obtained during the outbound leg of Pioneer's trajectory.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Nov. 1
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  • 5
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    Saturn's magnetosphere - Observations of ion cyclotron waves near the Dione L shell (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The mode of propagation and generational mechanism of quasi-periodic waves shown to be present near the Dione L shell by high time resolution measurements made with the Pioneer 11 vector helium magnetometer are investigated. The waves have a characteristic period of 18 s, well below the proton gyroperiod, and a typical amplitude of 5 nT. Ion cyclotron resonance of the waves with the dominant ions appears capable of generating the waves. Theoretical arguments based on the growth rates of the waves suggest that O(2+) is more likely to be responsible than O(+), but that a resonance involving H(+) ions with energies of a few keV cannot be excluded. Pitch angle scattering of heavy ions by the waves should cause precipitation with the possible production of an aurora near 67 deg latitude.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 88; Oct. 1
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  • 6
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    Structure of Jupiter's magnetopause - Pioneer 10 and 11 observations (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The magnetic structure of Jupiter's magnetopause, as observed by the space probes Pioneer 10 and 11, is compared with terrestrial magnetopause structures from the OGO 5 mission. The Jovian magnetopause thickness, deduced from a rapid triple crossing, is found to lie in the range 3500-5200 km, while the adjoining plasma boundary layer was 5600-8400 km thick. Comparison with the terrestrial situation suggests that the dayside magnetopause thickness in both cases is a few times the ion gyroradius and that the dayside boundary layer is also of about the same width. The magnetopause normal vector and normal magnetic field component are determined for each crossing by use of minimum variance analysis. The results indicate a blunt and floppy magnetopause surface, for the most part with an insignificant normal magnetic field component. Only for three of the 14 crossings did this component exceed 1.5 times its error estimate. In two of these cases, the magnetic field tangential to the magnetopause displayed the characteristic features of a rotational discontinuity.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 86; May 1
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  • 7
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    Jovian electron bursts - Correlation with the interplanetary field direction and hydromagnetic waves (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The bursts of relativistic electrons detected on Pioneer 10 upstream from Jupiter and within 400 Jovian radii of the planet have been found to be correlated with the interplanetary magnetic field. In three examples, electrons with energies between 3 and 6 MeV escaping from Jupiter's magnetosphere were observed only when the interplanetary magnetic field was along the Jupiter-spacecraft line. Large-amplitude interplanetary waves with characteristic periods of 10 min were found to be well correlated with intervals during which the field was along the Jupiter-spacecraft line. Abrupt changes in the field away from the preferred direction caused equally abrupt terminations of the waves with an accompanying reduction in the electron flux. These results are consistent with propagation of the electrons from Jupiter to Pioneer along the magnetic field lines. Hydromagnetic wave generation by Jovian charged particles, presumably the relativistic electrons themselves, as they travel upstream, appears to be an attractive explanation for the origin of the waves. At the observed frequency, hydromagnetic waves are Doppler-shifted to the gyrofrequency of the relativistic electrons. A plasma instability that appears capable of explaining the observations is a cyclotron overstability that occurs when the velocity of runaway electrons exceeds the velocity of hydromagnetic waves.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 81; Jan. 1
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  • 8
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    Whistler mode waves in the Jovian magnetosheath (1994)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: During the Ulysses flyby of Jupiter in February 1992, the spacecraft traversed the Jovian magnetosheath for a few hours during the inbound pass and for aa few days during the outbound pass. Burstlike electomagnetic waves at frequencies of approximately 0.1-0.4 of the local electron cyclotron frequency have been observed by the Unified Radio and Plasma Wave (URAP) experiement. The waves were more often observed in the regions which were probably the outer or the middle magnetosheath, especially near the bow shock, and rarely seen in the magnetosphere/magnetosheath boundary layer. The propagation angles of the waves are estimated by comparing the measurements of the wave electric and magnetic fields in the spacecraft spin plane with the corresponding values calculated using the cold plasma dispersion relation under local field and plasma conditions. It is found that the waves propagate obliquely with wave angles between approximately 30 deg and 50 deg. These waves are likely to be the whistler mode waves which are excited by suprathermal electrons with a few hundred eV and a slight anisotropy (T(sub perp)/T(sub parallel) approximately 1.1-1.5). They are probably similar in nature to the lion roars observed in the Earth's magnetosheath. Signature of coupling between the mirror and the whistler mode have also been observed. The plasma conditions which favor the excitation of the whistler mode instability during the wave events exists as observed by the plasma experiement of Ulysses.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 99; A12; p. 23,527-23,539
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  • 9
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    Diffuse Jovian aurora influenced by plasma injection from Io (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The paper demonstrates that the broad band of whistler-mode waves observed within the high density torus surrounding Io is consistent with electron cyclotron generation. Cyclotron resonant instability of Jovian energetic electrons is enhanced due to the lower resonant electron energy within the equatorial high density plasma torus surrounding the orbit of Io. The higher energy resonant electron scattering and the corresponding energetic electron lifetimes indicate that an efficient local acceleration process is required to replenish the precipitating relativistic electrons. Calculated energy deposition into the Jovian atmosphere should provide a dominant source of middle atmospheric ionization and excite a continuous band of diffuse auroral emission. It is suggested that the diffuse Jovian aurora should be influenced by the variable volcanic activity on Io which is thought to be an important source of plasma, since the cyclotron scattering process is strongly influenced by the ambient equatorial thermal plasma density.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 6; Aug. 197
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  • 10
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    Heliosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling and Energy Budget in Geomagnetic Storms (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2020-01-07
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Space Sciences (General)
    Type: JPL-CL-16-2690 , AGU Chapman Conference on Currents in Heliophysics; May 22, 2016 - May 27, 2016; Dubrovnik; Croatia
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