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  • 1
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    Nitric oxide production by Tunguska meteor (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The nonequilibrium chemical processes of nitric oxide formation are computed for the wake of the Tunguska meteor of 1908. The wake characteristics are derived by carrying out an optically-thick radiation field analysis for ablation of the meteoroid. The wake flow field is approximated by a one-dimensional, well-stirred reactor model. Known characteristics of the Tunguska event are imposed as constraints, and three controlling parameters - chemical composition, density, and velocity - are varied over a range around the values derived by Korobeinikov et al. (1976) and Petrov and Stulov (1975). The calculation shows that at least 19 million tons of nitric oxide is produced between the altitudes of 10 and 50 km. The anomalous atmospheric phenomena following the event are attributed to the reactions involving nitric oxide thus produced and atmospheric ozone. It is speculated that the nitric oxide produced by the event fertilized the area near the fall, causing the observed rapid plant growth.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Acta Astronautica; 5; July-Aug
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Odd nitrogen production by meteoroids (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The process by which odd nitrogen species (atomic nitrogen and nitric oxide) are formed during atmospheric entry of meteoroids is analyzed theoretically. An ablating meteoroid is assumed to be a point source of mass with a continuum regime evolving in its wake. The amounts of odd nitrogen species, produced by high-temperature reactions of air in the continuum wake, are calculated by numerical integration of chemical rate equations. Flow properties are assumed to be uniform across the wake, and 29 reactions involving five neutral species and five singly ionized species are considered, as well as vibrational and electron temperature nonequilibrium phenomena. The results, when they are summed over the observed mass, velocity, and entry-angle distribution of meteoroids, provide odd-nitrogen-species annual global production rates as functions of altitude. The peak production of nitric oxide is found to occur at an altitude of about 85 km; atomic nitrogen production peaks at about 95 km. The total annual rate for nitric oxide is 40 million kg; for atomic nitrogen it is 170 million kg.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Aug. 20
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Some scientific objectives of a satellite-borne lightning mapper (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The Lightning Mapper Sensor is proposed as an instrument for use on a geosynchronous satellite in the late 1980s to monitor lightning activity continuously over broad areas of the earth. The system was suggested in response to a variety of needs and the resulting data will provide important research information for such fields of geoscience as magnetospheric and ionospheric physics, atmospheric electricity, atmospheric chemistry, and storm physics. The research applications of Lightning Mapper Sensor data and related research programs are explored and sensor requirements are discussed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: American Meteorological Society; vol. 64
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Monthly means of selected climate variables for 1985 - 1989 (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Meteorologists are accustomed to viewing instantaneous weather maps, since these contain the most relevant information for the task of producing short-range weather forecasts. Climatologists, on the other hand, tend to deal with long-term means, which portray the average climate. The recent emphasis on dynamical extended-range forecasting and, in particular measuring and predicting short term climate change makes it important that we become accustomed to looking at variations on monthly and longer time scales. A convenient toll for researchers to familiarize themselves with the variability which occurs in selected parameters on these time scales is provided. The format of the document was chosen to help facilitate the intercomparison of various parameters and highlight the year-to-year variability in monthly means.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-104565 , NAS 1.15:104565 , REPT-92B00088
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Study of the relationship between solar activity and terrestrial weather (1976)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Evidence for some connection between weather and solar related phenomena is presented. Historical data of world wide temperature variations with relationship to change in solar luminosity are examined. Several test methods for estimating the statistical significance of such phenomena are discussed in detail.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-148541 , SU-IPR-671
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    An atlas of ECMWF analyses (1980-1987). Part 2: Second moment quantities (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This document is an atlas based on European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) initialized analyses for 1980-1987. Transports and variance are presented globally at 200 and 850 mb as well as zonally averaged for seasonal and annual averages. Selected fields are filtered to isolate the synoptic (2.5 days is less than periods is less than 6 days) and low frequency (10 days is less than periods is less than 90 days) regions of the spectrum. In addition, time series of the zonally and monthly averaged transports and variances are presented over the entire 8 year period.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-100762-PT-2 , REPT-90E02172 , NAS 1.15:100762-PT-2
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  • 7
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    An atlas of ECMWF analyses (1980-1987). Part 1: First moment quantities (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: This document is an atlas of the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) initialized analyses for 1980 to 1987. Various first moment quantities are presented for monthly, seasonal, and annual averages on a global cylindrical projection, as well as, cross section maps of zonal averages. Global maps of winds, temperature, stream function, and velocity potential are presented at 850 and 200 mb. In addition, global maps of the 300 mb height field (total and eddy), the 500 mb vertical velocity, the 850 mb moisture field, and sea level pressure are presented. The average seasonal cycle and anomalies during the 8 year period are presented for selected quantities.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TM-100747-PT-1 , REPT-89B00254 , NAS 1.15:100747-PT-1
    Format: application/pdf
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