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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of waters from fumaroles at Kilauea summit, Hawaii (1995)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 57 (1995), S. 44-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: Isotopic compositions ; Fumaroles ; Kilauea ; Hawaii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Condensate samples were collected in 1992 from a high-temperature (300° C) fumarole on the floor of the Halemaumau Pit Crater at Kilauea. The emergence about two years earlier of such a hot fumarole was unprecedented at such a central location at Kilauea. The condensates have hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions which indicate that the waters emitted by the fumarole are composed largely of meteoric water, that any magmatic water component must be minor, and that the precipitation that was the original source to the fumarole fell on a recharge area on the slopes of Mauna Loa Volcano to the west. However, the fumarole has no tritium, indicating that it taps a source of water that has been isolated from atmospheric water for at least 40 years. It is noteworthy, considering the unstable tectonic environment and abundant local rainfall of the Kilauea and Mauna Loa regions, that waters which are sources to the hot fumarole remain uncontaminated from atmospheric sources over such long times and long transport distances. As for the common, boiling point fumaroles of the Kilauea summit region, their 18O, D and tritium concentrations indicate that they are dominated by recycling of present day meteoric water. Though the waters of both hot and boiling point fumaroles have dominantly meteoric sources, they seem to be from separate hydrological regimes. Large concentrations of halogens and sulfur species in the condensates, together with the location at the center of the Kilauea summit region and the high temperature, initially suggested that much of the total mass of the emissions of the hot fumarole, including the H2O, might have come directly from a magma body. The results of the present study indicate that it is unreliable to infer a magmatic origin of volcanic waters based solely on halogen or sulfur contents, or other aspects of chemical composition of total condensates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298706
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Unknown
    A reexamination of the RB-SR isotopic systematics of lunar breccia 12013 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Lunar breccia 12013 is one of the few rocks for which isotopic evidence has been interpreted as indicating a 4.5-AE age, and it is the only lunar rock which contains abundant granitic material that may date back to the initial lunar differentiation. An investigation of 12013 conducted by Quick et al. (1981) has led to the conclusion that 12013 is an extremely complex mixture of impact-generated melt and clastic components of uncertain affinities. It was found that the granitic component in 12013 need not be any older than 4.16-4.17 AE. In the present study a model is presented for the Rb-Sr evolution of 12013 which explains the isotopic data without resorting to a 4.5-AE age for any component. Attention is given to petrographic constraints, isotopic investigations, and an evaluation of the Rb-Sr isotopic data. It is concluded that lunar rock 12013 is an extremely complex polymict breccia in which the Rb-Sr isotopic systematics have been greatly influenced by mixing during breccia formation and by subsequent reequilibration.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 1981 - Mar 20, 1981; Houston, TX
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  • 3
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    Unknown
    Petrology and petrogenesis of lunar breccia 12013 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Sample 12013 is extremely rich in incompatible elements (K, P, U, Th, Pb, Ba, Rb, Zr, Nb, and rare earths) relative to other lunar samples, and it contains abundant granitic material composed of silica minerals and K-feldspar. The present investigation provides detailed petrologic and mineralogic descriptions of the rock and a discussion of its genesis and history. The sample is made up of two lithologies, including a mottled gray and white lithology, and a black lithology. A detailed petrology of the gray breccia is presented, taking into account lithic clasts, mineral clasts, deformation textures in clasts, the matrix, and felsite. A detailed petrology of the black breccia is also provided. Attention is given to a model for the formation of the breccia, an evaluation of the possible genetic relationships between the various components, and some constraints on the nature of the source area.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 16, 1981 - Mar 20, 1981; Houston, TX
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    Chemical compositions and possible immiscibility of two silicate melts in 12013 (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The lunar sample 12013, a complex mixture of gray breccia and black breccia, is described. The gray breccia consists of mostly basaltic and gabbroic lithic clasts as well as plagioclase and pyroxene mineral clasts set in a matrix of smaller clasts and a felsite of granitic composition, while the black breccia is comprised of mostly mineral clasts, some lithic clasts, and felsite blebs enclosed in an aphanitic groundmass of basaltic composition. Textural relationships indicate that the felsite and the black breccia groundmass crystallized from melts which coexisted prior to the final lithification of 12013 but failed to mix. Both the felsite and the black breccia groundmass have extreme enrichments of incompatible elements. The critical feature of their compositions is a 'splitting up' of incompatible element associations so that the highest REE and P concentrations are in the black breccia groundmass, and the highest K, Ba, and Rb concentrations are in the felsite.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 14, 1977 - Mar 18, 1977; Houston, TX
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Petrology of Apollo 16 breccia 66075 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: 66075 is a coherent, light matrix breccia with a seriate fabric and is composed of large lithic, mineral and glass clasts in a matrix of lithic, mineral and glass fragments. The lithic clasts are ANT-suite rocks and a texturally diverse suite of impact-generated melt-rocks. The mineral fragments in the matrix and the mineral clasts are mostly plagioclase with subordinate amounts of pyroxene and olivine. The mineral compositions and/or bulk compositions of most of the components of the breccia, as well as the U-Pb isotopic systematics, are compatible with an origin involving impact-melting and fragmentation of an ANT-suite protolith. The major element composition of the breccia matrix can be successfully modeled in terms of mixing the observed clast types. Previously suggested components such as 'dunite' and 'KREEP' are absent or occur in very low abundance.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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