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  • Articles  (2)
  • Other Sources
  • Key words: Adhesion molecules  (1)
  • Key words:Geodia cydonium— Sponge — Metazoan protein molecules  (1)
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  • Articles  (2)
  • Other Sources
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental Indication in Favor of the Introns-Late Theory: The Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Gene from the Sponge Geodia cydonium (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 44 (1997), S. 242 -252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words:Geodia cydonium— Sponge — Metazoan protein molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. We have analyzed the gene that encodes receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium, which belongs to the most ancient and simple metazoan groups, the Porifera. RTKs are enzymes found only in metazoa. The sponge gene contains two introns in the extracellular part of the protein. However, the rest of the protein (transmembrane and intracellular part), including the tyrosine kinase (TK)-domain, is encoded by a single exon. In contrast, all TK genes, so far known only from higher animals (vertebrates), contain several introns especially in the TK-domain. The TK-domain of G. cydonium shows similarity with numerous members of receptor as well as nonreceptor TKs. Phylogenetic analysis of the sponge TK-domain indicates that this enzyme branched off first from the common tree of metazoan TK proteins. Consequently, we assume that introns, found in the TK-domains of genes from higher animals, were inserted into these genes after splitting off the sponge taxa from other metazoan organisms (over 600 million years ago). Our results support the view that ancient genes were not ``in pieces.''
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006141
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin of metazoan adhesion molecules and adhesion receptors as deduced from cDNA analyses in the marine sponge Geodia cydonium: a review (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 289 (1997), S. 383-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Adhesion molecules ; Adhesion receptors ; cDNA analyses ; Geodia cydonium (Porifera)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The phylogenetic relationships of the kingdom Animalia (Metazoa) have long been questioned. Whether the lowest eukaryotic multicellular organisms, the metazoan phylum Porifera (sponges), independently evolved multicellularity from a separate protist lineage (polyphyly of animals) or whether they were derived from the same protist group as the other animal phyla (monophyly) remains unclear. Analyses of the genes that are typical for multicellularity, e.g. those coding for adhesion molecules (galectin) and adhesion receptors (receptor tyrosine kinase, integrin receptor, receptors featuring scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domains) or elements involved in signal transduction pathways (G-proteins, Ser/Thr protein kinases), especially from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium, indicate that all animals, including sponges, are of monophyletic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050885
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