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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 502 (1983), S. 153-157 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On Low-temperature K3NO3Low-temperature Guinier photographs (+20 ← -140°C) indicate a reversible phase-transition at -42°C. From X-ray powder data a structural model based on ordered NO2- groups has been derived (I4cm, a = 726.9(1), c = 1046.3(2) pm).
    Notes: Tieftemperatur-Guinieraufnahmen (+20 ← -140°C) von K3NO3 zeigen eine reversible Phasentransformation bei -42°C an. Aus den Röntgenpulverdaten wird ein Strukturvorschlag abgeleitet (I4cm, a = 726,9(1), c = 1046,3(2) pm), der geordnete NO2--Anionen aufweist.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 497 (1983), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Structural Investigation of K3NO3Synthesis and crystal growth of K3NO3 is described. At room temperature K3NO3 is cubic (a = 521.4 pm, Pm3m) and crystallizes corresponding to the formula (NO2)OK3 in the perovskite-type of structure (diffractometerdata, R = 5.5%).
    Notes: Es wird die Darstellung und Einkristallzüchtung von K3NO3 beschrieben. Bei Zimmertemperatur ist K3NO3 kubisch (a = 521,4 pm, Pm3m) und besitzt gemäß (NO2)OK3 Perowskitstruktur (Diffraktometerdaten, R = 5,5%).
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 847-856 
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The interdependence of the enthalpic contribution A2, H and the entropic contribution A2, s to the second osmotic virial coefficient for a given polymer-solvent system has been investigated from the experimental and the theoretical point of view. Experimentally, the following common facts were observed for various systems at temperatures and pressures below the critical values for the solvent. Both the isobaric and isothermal dependences can be approximated over relatively wide ranges of A2, H by linear relations with a slope deviating only slightly, but in a characteristic manner from a value of -1. When the temperature is increased at constant pressure one moves along an isobar towards higher A2, H; when the pressure is increased at constant temperature, one moves along an isotherm in the opposite direction, i.e., towards lower A2, H. Theoretically this behavior can be described in a qualitative manner, starting from a relation derived by Patterson and Delmas on the basis of the Prigogine corresponding-states theory. The reasons for the lack of quantitative agreement are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragmentation Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with Electronegative β-Substituents, XXXII: Reaction of 2,2-Dialkyl-1-cyclohexyl-3-tosyloxy-1-propanone with NucleophilesTosylates 6 and 12 are synthesized starting from ketones 4 and 10,6 and 12 react with CH3Li to yield the oxetanes 17 and 20. LiBH4 reduction of 6 and 12 leads to the oxetanes 16 and 19, as well as to the tosyloxy alcohols 21 and 22. The neopentyl substitution products 7 and 13 are obtained from 6 and 12 with KCN in DMSO, whereas from 6 the cyano oxetane 18 was isolated too. With potassium tert-butoxide 6 reacts to give the enol ether 23, whereas 12 leads to the cyclo-butanone 25. The triflate 14 react with NaOCH3 to give the substitution product 15.
    Notes: Ausgehend von den Ketonen 4 und 10 werden die Tosylate 6 und 12 dargestellt, die mit CH3Li zu den Oxetanen 17 bzw. 20 reagieren. LiBH4-Reduktion von 6 bzw. 12 führt zu den Oxetanen 16 bzw. 19. daneben werden die Tosyloxy-alkohole 21 bzw. 22 isoliert. setzt man 6 bzw. 12 mit KCN in DMSO um, so werden die Neopentylsubstitutionsprodukte 7 bzw. 13, daneben aus 6 auch das Cyan-oxetan 18 erhalten. Mit Kalium-tert-butylalkoholat erhält man aus 6 den Enol-äther 23, dagegen aus 12 das Cyclobutanon 25. Das Triflat 14 reagiert mit NaOCH3 unter Substitution zu 15.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 538 (1986), S. 177-190 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigation of the Reaction of Sulfur with Sodium Nitrite in DMF, DMSO, and HMPAThe mechanism of the title reaction has been elucidated by VIS/UV, IR, 15N NMR, and ESR spectrometric measurements, gas analysis, and chromatography. The course of the complex reaction and the great number of products  -  nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, sodium thiosulfate, sulfate, polysulfides, polythionates, nitrate  -  can be explained with the assumption that at first perthionitrates NaSxNO2 are formed, which are decomposed either to give dinitrogen monoxide and thiosulfate, or, react with nitrite to yield nitrate and perthionitrite NaS2NO which dissociates reversibly into sodium trisulfide(-I) and nitrogen monoxide. (The details of the two main series of competitive and consecutive reaction steps can be seen from the tabular summary at the end of the text). The characteristic colour change during the reaction from blue-Green to orange-red is due to the formation of the two coloured species: S3- (blue, λmax = 620 nm, g = 2.029) and ONSS- (red, λmax = 448 nm, δ(15N) = 334 ppm, ref. K15NO3).
    Notes: Durch VIS/UV-, IR-, 15N-NMR- und ESR-spektrometrische Messungen, sowie chromatographische und Gas-Analysen ist der Mechanismus der Titelreaktion aufgeklärt worden. Der Verlauf der komplexen Umsetzung und die groβe Anzahl von Produkten  -  Distickstoffoxid, Stickstoffmonoxid, Natriumthiosulfat, Sulfat, Polysulfide, Polythionate, Nitrat  -  können mit der Annahme erklärt werden, daß zunächst Natriumperthionitrate NaSxNO2 entstehen, die sich in Distickstoffoxid und Thiosulfat zersetzen, oder auch mit Nitrit zu Nitrat und Perthionitrit, NaSSNO, reagieren, das reversibel in Stickoxid und Natriumtrisulfid(1 - ) dissoziiert. (Bezüglich der Einzelheiten der konkurrierenden und aufeinander folgenden Reaktionsschritte vgl. Tab. 2.) Der charakteristische Farbwechsel während der Titelreaktion von blau-grün über braun nach orangerot ist auf die Entstehung zweier Farbträger zurückzuführen: S3- (blau, λmax = 620 nm, g = 2,029) und ONSS- (rot, λmax = 448 nm, δ(15N) = 334 ppm, bez. auf K15NO3).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 21 (1983), S. 1205-1216 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the viscosity coefficient η of solutions of polystyrene (Mw = 6.0 × 105 and 1.77 × 106) in trans-decalin (TD, θ solvent) and toluene (TL, good solvent) as function of shear rate (11-104 s-1), concentration (4.24-11.21 wt %), and temperature (10-50°C) are reported. As a new theoretically grounded method for the determination of the zero-shear viscosity η0 it is proposed to plot η as a function of $\left({\eta \dot \gamma} \right)^3$. The intercepts of the straight lines obtained by this procedure give η0 in good agreement with directly measured values.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 21 (1983), S. 1217-1226 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The viscosity data of moderately concentrated polystyrene solutions in trans-decalin (TD) (θ solvent, θ temperature 21°C) and toluene (TL) (good solvent) reported in Part I are discussed in terms of Graessley's entanglement theory. Under good solvent conditions, Graessley's master curve provides an excellent fit up to high shear rates, whereas in the vicinity of the θ conditions the data have to be modified by a parameter ηfric introduced by Ito and Shishido. The characteristic time of mechanical response to flow of chains approximately given by the shift factor τ0 is found in good solvents to be on the order of the Rouse relaxation time. In poor solvents, close to demixing, τ0 tends to much higher values, indicating a reduced chain mobility. The influence of temperature on the viscosity decreases with increasing shear. The resulting apparent energy of activation of flow shows very small or even negative values at high shear rates. This behavior can be explained by the modified Graessley theory, however, in a quite natural way.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 1115-1132 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: By a study of two ternary systems, 4-heptanon-1-chlorobutane-poly(methyl methacrylate) and 2-butanol-1-chlorobutane-poly(methyl methacrylate), differing only in one component of the mixed solvent, two types of demixing behavior are demonstrated: i.e., a monotone change with composition of the mixed solvent (monotony), of which the first system is a good example, and the synergistic behavior (cosolvency) exhibited by the second system. The situation can be seen most clearly from the binodal edges (precipitation thresholds as a function of solvent composition) which were constructed from various types of sections through the binodal surface of the systems.In order to compare experimental results with theoretical calculations, we first characterized the binary subsystems. The polymer solutions, representing conventional (endothermal) theta systems, were investigated by light scattering and cloud point measurements. For the cosolvent 2-butanol-1-chlorobutane the necessary thermodynamic information was accessible from vapor pressure measurements. Applying the Prigogine-Patterson theory to the polymer solutions and using the single-liquid approximation of Scott for the ternary systems yielded theoretical binodal edges in good agreement with experiment except for the branch belonging to mixed solvents rich in 2-butanol. This finding is explained by an abnormal amplification of preferential solvation effects due to the existence of an association equilibrium of the alcohol via hydrogen bonds.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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