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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (9)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (2)
  • PACS. 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions - 75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.) - 75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.)  (2)
  • Pisum  (2)
  • Solanum  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of palmitoylcarnitine on mitochondrial activities (1995)
    Springer
    Planta 196 (1995), S. 720-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: β-Oxidation ; Mitochondrion ; Palmitoylcarnitine ; Pisum ; Solanum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondria from pea (Pisum sativum L.) cotyledons and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers exhibited a palmitoyl carnitine-dependent, KCN-sensitive stimulation of the oxygen uptake measured in the presence of 0.2mmol·−1 malate (sparker malate), provided a certain concentration range of palmitoylcarnitine was observed. Above this concentration range, which was dependent on the bovine serum albumin (BSA) concentration of the reaction mixture, the mitochondrial oxygen uptake was inhibited by palmitoylcarnitine. Palmitoylcarnitine (racemate) and palmitoyl-l-carnitine were equally effective in stimulating/inhibiting mitochondrial oxygen uptake in the presence of sparker malate. The mitochondrial membrane potential generated in the presence of sparker malate was partially dissipated by palmitoyl-lcarnitine concentrations stimulating the mitochondrial oxygen uptake. The formation of acid-soluble radioactivity in reaction mixtures provided with [1-14C]palmitoyll-carnitine was considerably lower than that expected minimally if the palmitoyl-l-carnitine-stimulated oxygen uptake resulted from palmitoyl-l-carnitine oxidation sparked by malate. Palmitoylcarnitine concentrations resulting in stimulation of the mitochondrial oxygen uptake in the presence of sparker malate also led to a stimulation of succinate-cytochrome c reductase activity, as well as to an increase in the measurable activities of mitochondrial matrix enzymes, indicating loss of both mitochondrial integrity and mitochondrial enzyme latency in the presence of palmitoylcarnitine. Correspondingly, malate-dependent NADH formation was stimulated by palmitoylcarnitine. Neither NAD reduction nor oxygen uptake were observed when the mitochondria were provided with palmitoylcarnitine only. The oxygen uptake due to glycine oxidation by mitochondria from green sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cotyledons was affected by palmitoylcarnitine in a similar manner to the oxygen uptake of pea cotyledon and potato tuber mitochondria in the presence of sparker malate. The results lead to the conclusion that the palmitoylcarnitine-dependent stimulation of mitochondrial oxygen uptake observed in the presence of sparker malate results substantially from an enhanced malate oxidation due to the detergent effect of palmitoylcarnitine on the mitochondrial membranes, rather than from palmitoylcarnitine β-oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197337
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of palmitoylcarnitine on mitochondrial activities (1995)
    Springer
    Planta 196 (1995), S. 720-726 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: β-Oxidation ; Mitochondrion ; Palmitoylcarnitine ; Pisum ; Solanum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitochondria from pea (Pisum sativum L.) cotyledons and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers exhibited a palmitoyl carnitine-dependent, KCN-sensitive stimulation of the oxygen uptake measured in the presence of 0.2mmol·−1 malate (sparker malate), provided a certain concentration range of palmitoylcarnitine was observed. Above this concentration range, which was dependent on the bovine serum albumin (BSA) concentration of the reaction mixture, the mitochondrial oxygen uptake was inhibited by palmitoylcarnitine. Palmitoylcarnitine (racemate) and palmitoyl-l-carnitine were equally effective in stimulating/inhibiting mitochondrial oxygen uptake in the presence of sparker malate. The mitochondrial membrane potential generated in the presence of sparker malate was partially dissipated by palmitoyl-lcarnitine concentrations stimulating the mitochondrial oxygen uptake. The formation of acid-soluble radioactivity in reaction mixtures provided with [1-14C]palmitoyll-carnitine was considerably lower than that expected minimally if the palmitoyl-l-carnitine-stimulated oxygen uptake resulted from palmitoyl-l-carnitine oxidation sparked by malate. Palmitoylcarnitine concentrations resulting in stimulation of the mitochondrial oxygen uptake in the presence of sparker malate also led to a stimulation of succinate-cytochromec reductase activity, as well as to an increase in the measurable activities of mitochondrial matrix enzymes, indicating loss of both mitochondrial integrity and mitochondrial enzyme latency in the presence of palmitoylcarnitine. Correspondingly, malate-dependent NADH formation was stimulated by palmitoylcarnitine. Neither NAD reduction nor oxygen uptake were observed when the mitochondria were provided with palmitoylcarnitine only. The oxygen uptake due to glycine oxidation by mitochondria from green sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cotyledons was affected by palmitoylcarnitine in a similar manner to the oxygen uptake of pea cotyledon and potato tuber mitochondria in the presence of sparker malate. The results lead to the conclusion that the palmitoylcarnitine-dependent stimulation of mitochondrial oxygen uptake observed in the presence of sparker malate results substantially from an enhanced malate oxidation due to the detergent effect of palmitoylcarnitine on the mitochondrial membranes, rather than from palmitoylcarnitine β-oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01106766
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the T Bloch law in magnets with fourth-order exchange interaction (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 8 (1999), S. 207-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions - 75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.) - 75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: For the ferromagnets EuS and GdMg, in which fourth-order exchange interactions (i.e. biquadratic, three-spin and four-spin interactions) have been identified, the deviation of the spontaneous magnetization with respect to the T =0 value is shown to follow a T2 law instead of the famous T3/2 law expected for a Heisenberg ferromagnet. Moreover, the observed T2 law holds for temperatures as large as 0.8TC and the extrapolated magnetization value for does not conform to ferromagnetic saturation. This is because the fourth-order exchange interactions generate a second order-parameter which is assumed to govern the order of the transverse moment components. These moment components have a finite expectation value for at the expense of the Heisenberg order parameter. Like the spontaneous magnetization, the critical field curves B c ( T ) of the metamagnet EuSe and the antiferromagnet EuTe also start decreasing with a T2 term for . It is argued that the T2 law is a consequence of the fourth-order exchange interactions. This is shown experimentally by a study of the critical field curves [0pt] pertinent to the longitudinal (Heisenberg) order-parameter in the diamagnetically diluted antiferromagnets EuxSr1-xTe. In this solid solution series a particular composition of x c =0.85 exists at which the different fourth-order interaction processes compensate each other in the high temperature average. As a consequence, an EuxSr1-xTe sample with x =0.85 meets the requirements of a Heisenberg antiferromagnet at least if a quantity is considered for which the high-temperature average over all fourth-order interactions is decisive. This seems to be the case for the critical field curve [0pt] which gives the phase boundary to the paramagnetic phase. In fact, a crossover from a T2 to a T3/2 law is observed for [0pt] on approaching xc. This, we believe, shows the frequently observed T2 law is caused by the fourth-order interactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050683
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of the sublattice magnetizations M (T) in antiferromagnets with fourth-order exchange interactions: Eu Sr Te (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 8 (1999), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 75.30.Et Exchange and superexchange interactions - 75.30.Kz Magnetic phase boundaries (including magnetic transitions, metamagnetism, etc.) - 75.40.Cx Static properties (order parameter, static susceptibility, heat capacities, critical exponents, etc.)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We present a neutron scattering study of the temperature and composition dependence of the MnO-type superstructure reflection intensities in the diamagnetically diluted antiferromagnetic compounds EuxSr1-xTe. In these materials antiferromagnetic biquadratic and ferromagnetic three-spin interactions have been identified recently. These fourth-order non-Heisenberg interactions are able to create their own order parameter which is believed to govern the order of the transverse moment components and which, hence, is directed perpendicular to the common Heisenberg order parameter. The observed MnO-type diffraction intensities originate in the sublattice magnetizations, , of both order parameters. Due to the different composition dependencies for biquadratic interaction processes and three-spin interaction processes , the ferromagnetic three-spin interactions dominate for x 〉 x c =0.85, while for x 〈0.85 the antiferromagnetic biquadratic interactions dominate. Associated with this sign change in the fourth-order interaction sum the transverse order parameter changes from the antiferromagnetic MnO type for x 〈0.85 to ferromagnetic for x 〉0.85. This is noticed as a sudden decrease of the low-temperature MnO scattering intensities at x c =0.85. Although susceptibility measurements reveal clearly a ferromagnetic component for x 〉0.85 no ferromagnetic Bragg intensities were observed in standard neutron scattering spectra using EuTe powder samples. We explain this by the competition of antiferromagnetic biquadratic and ferromagnetic three-spin interactions whereby a disturbed ferromagnetic superstructure may be generated which gives rise also to weak MnO-type diffraction lines. It is found that the resulting obeys a T2 law until a temperature as large as 0.75TN irrespective of the nature of the transverse order parameter. The T2 law must, hence, be common to both types of order parameter showing that the fourth-order interactions re-define the spin dynamics of both completely. From the linear composition dependence of the normalized T2 coefficient the existence of three-spin interactions is again confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050684
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    72. Effizienz durch Partnerschaft in der technischen Betriebsbetreuung (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 68 (1996), S. 1112-1112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330680974
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    131. Die Dortmunder Datenbank - Reinstoff- und Gemischdaten zur Synthese, Auslegung und Optimierung technisch-chemischer Prozesse (1999)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 71 (1999), S. 1028-1029 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.3307109135
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Kristallstrukturen von α- und β-K3OClIn memoriam Professor Wilhelm Klemm (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 153-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Tripotassium oxide chloride ; preparation ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Crystal Structures of α- and β-K3OClThe orange coloured compound K3OCl has been prepared. It exists in a low temperature modification (α-K3OCl) and a high temperature modification (β-K3OCl). The transition temperature is 364 ± 5 K. The crystal structures were determined by x-ray diffraction. α-K3OCl crystallizes at room temperature in the orthorhombic space group Pbnm (Z = 4) with the cell parameters a = b = 723.9(2) pm and c = 1 027.7(2) pm in the anti-GdFeO3-structure type. The high temperature modification β-K3OCl crystallizes (Z = 1) in the cubic space group Pm3m in the β-Ag3SI-structure type with a = 516.2(2) pm (T = 393 K).
    Notes: Die orangefarbene Verbindung K3OCl wurde dargestellt. Sie tritt in einer Tieftemperaturmodifikation (α-K3OCl) und in einer Hochtemperaturmodifikation (β-K3OCl) auf. Die Umwandlungstemperatur beträgt 364 ± 5 K. Die Kristallstrukturen wurden durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse aufgeklärt. α-K3OCl kristallisiert bei Raumtemperatur in der orthorhombischen Raumgruppe Pbnm (Z = 4) mit den Gitterkonstanten a = b = 723,9(2) pm und c = 1 027,7(2) pm im anti-GdFeO3-Strukturtyp. Die Hochtemperaturmodifikation, β-K3OCl, kristallisiert mit Z = 1 in der kubischen Raumgruppe Pm3m im β-Ag3SI-Strukturtyp mit a = 516,2(2) pm (T = 393 K).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966220121
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Darstellung und Charakterisierung von RbLiSe im Rahmen einer Struktursystematik für ternäre Interalkalimetallchalkogenide vom Formeltyp ABXProfessor Hanskarl Müller-Buschbaum zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 622 (1996), S. 1311-1313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Inter alkali metal chalcogenides ; rubidium lithium selenide ; X-ray ; crystal structure ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Crystal Structure of RbLiSeRbLiSe is in the system Rb2Se/Li2Se the only ternary phase without mixed crystals of the binary compounds. The single crystal X-ray investigation of this yellow hygroscopic compound leads to the tetragonal space group P4/nmm (Z = 2) with the lattice constants a = 461.6(1) and c = 748.2(3) pm. Its crystal structure confirms a simple rule of expected structure types for inter alkali metal chalcogenides of the general formula ABX.
    Notes: Im System Rb2Se/Li2Se wurde RbLiSe als einzige Phase gefunden. Mischkristallbildung konnte nicht beobachtet werden. Die gelbe, sehr hygroskopische Verbindung kristallisiert nach Einkristalluntersuchungen tetragonal in der Raumgruppe P4/nmm (Z = 2) mit den Gitterkonstanten a = 461,6(1) und c = 748,2(3) pm. Als Vertreter des anti-PbFCl-Strukturtyps befolgt RbLiSe eine von uns empirisch ermittelte „Regel“ zur Struktursystematik der ternären Interalkalimetallchalkogenide des Formeltyps ABX.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19966220806
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntnis des Bisphenyl-bis(dipyridyl)chrom(II) und des Lithium-tetraphenylochromat(II)Professor Franz Hein zum 80. Geburtstage am 30. Juni 1972 gewidmet (1972)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 390 (1972), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On bisphenyl-bis(dipyridyl) chromium(II) and lithium tetraphenylo chromate(II)By reaction of Ph2CHCrCl2 · 2 THF with two moles of phenyl lithium Ph2CHCrPh2 is obtained in solution. With this solution we prepared the new Cr(II) compounds CrPh2 · 2 bipy and Li2Ph4 · 4 THF by addition of 2,2′-bipyridine and two moles of further phenyl lithium, respectively. During this reactions the diphenylmethyl group is cleaved under reduction of Cr(III) to Cr(II). Li2CrPh4 · 4 THF is an example of a new group of high spin organochromates(II).
    Notes: Ausgehend vom Ph2CHCrCl2 · 2 THF wird mit Lithiumphenyl Ph2CHCrPh2 in Lösung hergestellt. Setzt man diese Lösungen mit 2,2′-Dipyridyl bzw. Lithiumphenyl als weitere Donoren um, so kommt es zum reduktiven Zerfall, wobei aus den primären Additionsprodukten die Diphenylmethylgruppe abgespalten wird. Es entstehen CrPh2 · 2 Dipy bzw. Li2CrPh4 · 4 THF als Verbindungen des zweiwertigen Chroms. Die letzte Verbindung gehört in eine neue Gruppe von magnetisch normalen Oganochromaten(II).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19723900306
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereochemie der Metall - Metall-Bindung Die Strukturen der Verbindungen (CO)4Cr[μ-PMe2]2Ni(CO)2 und (CO)3Fe[μ-PMe2, μ-I]Fe(CO)3 mit je zwei verschiedenen KomplexhälftenProfessor Marianne Baudler zum 60. Geburtstage am 27. April 1981 gewidmet (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 475 (1981), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Kristallstrukturen der Titelkomplexe, deren einer zwei verschiedene Carbonylmetall-Einheiten, deren anderer zwei verschiedene Brückenliganden besitzt, wurden bestimmt. Die Stereochemie des Cr—Ni-Komplexes entspricht der Erwartung, seine Metall - Metall-Bindung ist jedoch kürzer als der Durchschnittswert aus den entsprechenden Cr2- bzw. Ni2-Verbindungen. Bei dem Fe2-Komplex ist die Gesamt-Molekülgeometrie ebenfalls normal, doch der Metall - Metall-Abstand ist deutlich kürzer als erwartet. Die Verkürzung der Metall - Metall-Bindungen steht bei beiden Komplexen in Zusammenhang mit der Minimisierung der intramolekularen sterischen Hinderung.Stereochemistry of the Metal - Metal Bond.Structures of the Compounds (CO)4Cr[μ-PMe2]2Ni(CO)2 and (CO)3Fe[μ-PMe2, μ-I]Fe(CO)3. Each with Two Different Complex HalvesThe crystal structures of the title complexes, one of which has two different carbonylmetal units and the other has two different bridging ligands, were determined. The stereochemistry of the Cr—Ni complex is as expected, its metal - metal bond however is shorter than the average value of the corresponding Cr2 and Ni2 compounds. For the Fe2 complex the overall molecular geometry is also normal, but the metal - metal distance is considerably shorter than expected. The shortening of the metal - metal bonds is in both complexes correlated with the minimization of intramolecular steric strain.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19814750413
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