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  • INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent and robotic systems 5 (1992), S. 79-99 
    ISSN: 1573-0409
    Keywords: Continuous mining machine ; control ; error analysis ; hierarchy ; plan ; real-time ; task ; task decomposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The drive toward increased safety for coal miners has led to the development of computer-assisted methods of underground coal mining. The development of control architectures for the control of the movement of continuous mining machines (tramming control) is an important part of this overall effort. The tramming control algorithm design described is in concert with hierarchical architecture design principles developed at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), referred to as the Real-time Control Systems (RCS) methodology. The algorithm design allows for the control of both cutting and free-space movement by a continuous mining machine and allows for a high degree of human operator interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Capture of micrometeorite material from low Earth orbit or dust grains around active comets for return to terrestrial laboratories, capable of practicing the most up to date techniques of chemical isotopic and mineralogical analysis, will greatly enhance our knowledge of primitive material in the solar system. The next generation of space launched cosmic dust collectors will undoubtedly include extremely low density target materials such as silica aerogel as the decelerating and arresting medium. This material has been found to be clean from the point of view of inorganic elements and is thus acceptable for the purpose of harvesting grains to be studied by, for example PIXE, INAA, or SXRF. However, the process used in making aerogel leaves substantial carbon and hydrogen containing residues which would negate their suitability for collection and subsequent investigation of the very important CHON particles. Attempts to precondition aerogel by solvent extraction or heating at 500 C and 750 C in air for 24 hours or under a vacuum of 2(7)(exp -7) torr at 260 C were largely ineffective except that pyrolysis did reduce volatile species. In this investigation we have examined the use of supercritical fluids for the purpose of extracting organic residues. The logic of the new approach is that beyond the supercritical point a substance has the solvating properties of a liquid but the viscosity characteristics of a gas. For example carbon dioxide becomes supercritical at a pressure of 73 atmospheres and a temperature of 31 C; in consequence it can transform to a very powerful and ultraclean solvent. It can dissolve organic matter from low molecular weight up to molecules containing 90 carbon atoms. On release of pressure the fluid reverts to a gas which can easily be pumped away and removed from the substrate being extracted.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Twenty-Fourth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Part 2: G-M; p 679-680
    Format: application/pdf
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