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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer nitrogen balance on spring irrigated malting barley (1988)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 18 (1988), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; irrigation ; 15N-labelled fertilizer ; N balance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Fertilizer N balance on malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Parwan) subjected to a factorial combination of three irrigation (rainfed, irrigated at 45 mm deficit, or irrigated at 85 mm deficit) and three15N fertilizer treatments (2.8, 4.5 and 9.1 g N m−2) was investigated. The crop was grown on a heavy clay soil in the Goulburn-Murray Irrigation Region of south-eastern Australia. Increasing the N application at sowing from 2.8 to 9.1 g N m−2, increased the accumulation of fertilizer N in barley grain from 0.36 to 2.0 g N m−2. Soil N was the major source of N in the grain and plant. Nitrogen uptake was not affected by the irrigation treatment or the application of N fertilizer. Nitrogen content of the grain was 1.57, 1.53 and 1.66% for crops receiving 2.8, 4.5 and 9.1 g N m−2 of fertilizer N at sowing, respectively. Nitrogen harvest index was unaffected by irrigation and fertilizer N application and averaged 81% (range 78–82%) for all crops. Accumulation of fertilizer N in the plant was higher under rainfed conditions (range 20–31%) compared with the 11 to 27% under irrigated conditions. Residual fertilizer in the soil, including that in roots, ranged from 56 to 35%, and was decreased by irrigation. Total15N recovery in the plant plus soil for the 3 rates of N application ranged from 75 to 85% under rainfed conditions and from 54 to 73% under irrigated conditions. There was no difference in the total recovery between the two irrigation treatments. Fertilizer movement to depth was limited and less than 5% of the15N applied at sowing was recovered below a depth of 0.2 m. The small15N accumulation at this depth and the lack of influence of irrigation on the distribution of residual N suggest that loss of N by leaching is minor on irrigated red-brown earths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064173
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fertilizer and soil nitrogen accumulation by irrigated barley grown on a red-brown earth in south-eastern Australia (1989)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 119 (1989), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; microplots ; 15N ; N balance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract 15N labelled (NH4)2SO4 was applied to barley at 5 g N m−2 (50 kg N ha−1) in microplots at sowing to study the timing of the N losses and the contribution of soil and fertilizer N to the plant. Water treatments included rainfed and irrigation at 45–50 mm deficit beginning in the spring. Recovery of15N in the plant increased to a maximum of about 20% within 91 days after sowing (DAS 91) and then remained constant. Approximately 16% (0.8 g N m−2) of the fertilizer was in the stem and leaves at DAS 91 and this N was subsequently redistributed to the head. At maturity, approximately 75% of the15N assimilated by the tops was recovered in the grain. Soil N contributed 3.6 g N m−2 to the head; 2.2 g N m−2 was remobilized from the stem and leaves, and the balance, approximately 1.4 g N m−2, was taken up from the soil between DAS 69 to 91. Effects of irrigation treatments on N accumulation were not significant. Residual15N fertilizer in the soil decreased with time from sowing, and at maturity 40% of the applied N was recovered in the surface 0.15 m.15N movement to depth was limited and less than 5% of the fertilizer was recovered below 0.15 m. Irrigation had no effect on the15N recovery at depth. Total recovery of the15N varied between 60 and 67% and implies that 33–40% was lost from the soil-plant system. The total recovery in the soil and plant was not affected by time or irrigation in the interval DAS 39 to 134. Losses occurred before DAS 39 when crop uptake of N was small and soil mineral N content was high. There was an apparent loss of 1.9 g fertilizer N m−2 (i.e. 38% of that applied) between DAS 1 and 15. This loss occurred before crop emergence when rainfall provided conditions suitable for denitrification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02370280
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