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Digitale Medien

A fungal root symbiont modifies plant resistance to an insect herbivore (1997)

Borowicz, Victoria A.

Springer

Oecologia 112 (1997), S. 534-542

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ISSN: 1432-1939

Schlagwort(e): Key words Plant nutrition ; Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus ; Glycine max ; Epilachna varivestis ; Indirect effects

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi are common root-colonizing symbionts that affect nutrient uptake by plants and can alter plant susceptibility to herbivores. I conducted a factorial experiment to test the hypotheses that colonization by VAM fungi (1) improves soybean (Glycine max) tolerance to grazing by folivorous Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis), and (2) indirectly affects herbivores by increasing host resistance. Soybean seedlings were inoculated with the VAM fungus Glomus etunicatum or VAM-free filtrate and fertilized with high-[P] or low-[P] fertilizer. After plants had grown for 7 weeks first-instar beetle larvae were placed on bagged leaves. Growth of soybean was little affected by grazing larvae, and no effects of treatments on tolerance of soybeans to herbivores were evident. Colonization by VAM fungus doubled the size of phosphorus-stressed plants but these plants were still half the size of plants given adequate phosphorus. High-[P] fertilizer increased levels of phosphorus and soluble carbohydrates, and decreased levels of soluble proteins in leaves of grazed plants. Colonization of grazed plants by VAM fungus had no significant effect on plant soluble carbohydrates, but increased concentration of phosphorus and decreased levels of proteins in phosphorus-stressed plants to concentrations similar to those of plants given adequate phosphorus. Mexican bean beetle mass at pupation, pupation rate, and survival to eclosion were greatest for beetles reared on phosphorus-stressed, VAM-colonized plants, refuting the hypothesis that VAM colonization improves host plant resistance. VAM colonization indirectly affected performance of Mexician bean beetle larvae by improving growth and nutrition of the host plant.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050342

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Digitale Medien

AXanthomonas maltophilia isolate tolerating up to 1% sodium azide in Tris/HCl buffer (1995)

Borowicz, J. J. ; Brishammar, S. ; Gerhardson, B.

Springer

World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 236-237

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ISSN: 1573-0972

Schlagwort(e): Sodium azide tolerance ; Tris/HCl buffer ; Xanthomonas maltophilia

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung

Notizen: Abstract A bacterium tolerating up to 1% NaN3 found as a contaminant of Sephadex colums being run with Tris/HCl buffer, was identified asXanthomonas maltophilia. It had low nutrient requirements, was strongly proteolytic and interfered with Sephadex columns run with Tris/HCl buffers.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00704658

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Digitale Medien

Influence of rhizobacterial culture media on plant growth and oninhibition of fungal pathogens (2000)

Borowicz, J.J. ; Saad Omer, Z.

Springer

BioControl 45 (2000), S. 355-371

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ISSN: 1573-8248

Schlagwort(e): culture media ; fungal antagonism ; plant growth promotion/inhibition ; proteolytic activity ; rhizosphere-isolated Pseudomonas spp.

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft

Notizen: Abstract The type of culture media significantly influenced thegrowth-promoting or growth-inhibiting effect of sevenPseudomonas spp. isolates on cucumber, as didthe type of bacterial isolate. All the bacterialisolates also inhibited fungal growth, in vitroand the degree of inhibition depended on the growthmedium of the two cultures. The degree of inhibitionwas affected by the growth-rate of the fungalpathogen. Proteolytic activity was detected in thesupernatants of the cultures of six out of sevenbacterial isolates and was media-dependent. Highproteolytic activity was measured in supernatants ofbacteria grown in two organic-based media, Tryptic SoyBroth and SNB nutrient broth, and/or in a Mineralmedium. In contrast, proteolytic activity was almost undetectable after growth in King's B medium. Proteolytic activity was significantly increased when the concentration ofproteose peptone in King's B medium was reduced by 50and 75 percent.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009954802552

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