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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2009-05-04
    Description: Apart from the "shaking" near the epicenter that is the earthquake, a seismic event creates a permanent field of dislocation in the entire Earth. This redistribution of mass changes (slightly) the Earth's inertia tensor; and the Earth's rotation will change in accordance with the conservation of angular momentum. Similar to this seismic excitation of Earth rotation variations, the same mass redistribution causes (slight) changes in the Earth's gravitational field expressible in terms of changes in the Stokes coefficients of its harmonic expansion. In this paper, we give a historical background of the subject and discuss the related physics; we then compute the geodynamic effects caused by earthquakes based on normal-mode summation scheme. The effects are computed using the centroid moment tensor (CMT) solutions for 15,814 major earthquakes from Jan., 1977, through Feb., 1999, as provided in the Harvard CMT catalog. The computational results further strengthens these findings and conclusions: (i) the strong tendency for earthquakes to make the Earth rounder and more compact (however slightly) continues; (ii) so does the trend in the seismic "nudging" of the rotation pole toward the general direction of approx. 140 E, roughly opposite to that of the observed polar drift, but two orders of magnitude smaller in drift speed.
    Keywords: Geophysics
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  • 2
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Keywords: Geophysics
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  • 3
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A combination of independently-determined Earth orientation data has been generated from space-geodetic observations spanning 1976-1993. The approach taken is based upon a Kalman filter that was developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) for just such a purpose.
    Keywords: Geophysics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: Besides operating its own energy budget, an earthquake acts as an agent transferring a much greater amount of energy among the Earth's rotation, elastic field, gravitational field, and internal heat.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Geophysical Journal International
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: American Geophysical Union; Boston, MA; United States
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: The terrestrial location of the Earth's rotation pole has been under continuous observation since 1899 when the International Latitude Service (ILS) began conducting optical astrometric measurements of star positions to determine variations in station latitude and hence variations in the location of the rotation pole.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: The Kalman Earth Orientation Filter (KEOF) is used at JPL to combine independent observations of the Earth's rotation parameters, producing smoothed, interpolated estimates of polar motion (PM) and UT1-TAI, as well as estimates of their excitation functions such as the length-of-day (lod). Prior to their combination, adjustments to the data sets are made in order to place them within a common reference frame. Recently, a number of lod data sets have been determined at JPL by combining the observations summarized in Table 1. The resulting lod data sets, summarized in Table 2, span different time intervals depending upon the particular subset of observations being combined, with the longest series, spanning 1630-1990, being obtained by combining all of the observations. The determination of these lod data sets and their comparison with series of climate indicators such as the Southern Oscillation Index will be discussed.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union
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  • 8
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A combination of Earth orientation measurements has been generated from space-geodetic observations spanning 1976-1997.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: International Earth Rotation Service Annual Report
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  • 9
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    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: A Kalman filter has been used to combine independent measurements of the Earth's orientation taken by optical astrometry and the space-geodetic techniques of LLR, SLR, VLBI, and GPS.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: International Earth Rotation Service Annual Report
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018-06-08
    Description: None. From Intro list: Investigate use of Earth rotation measurements as proxy measures of atmospheric angular momentum in global climate change studies. Examine role of observed length-of-day changes. Study observed changes in strength of seasonal lod signal. Investigate origin of this correlation by examining angular momentum of NCEP zonal winds.
    Keywords: Geophysics
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