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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biodegradability of photooxidized polyalkylenes (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 2581-2597 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Representative polyolefin films were exposed to UV radiation from light sources having different intensities and spectral distribution including the quartz mercury arc fluorescent lamps, xenon arc, and sunlight. Films exposed were polyethylene, polypropylene, and sensitized polyethylene. The oligomer fractions supported microbial growth, but the high polymers gave minimal or no growth. It was concluded that photooxidative degradation of polyolefins does not per se induce progressive attack by microorganisms. Oligomers present originally in the polymer are augmented by those produced by photooxidation. These oligomers support growth if separated from the polymer matrix. These observations explain some of the contradictory reports in the literature concerning the microbial degradation of sensitized polyolefins.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290814
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure quenching and chain-extended crystallization of polyethylene (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 13 (1975), S. 1501-1509 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Recent work has shown that so-called chain-extended crystallization of polyethylene is crystallization of the newly discovered hexagonal phase. This hypothesis is supported by experiments on the pressure quenching of molten polyethylene.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1975.180130804
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen chain transfer in olefin polymerization with organometallic catalysts (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 2337-2342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Hydrogen has been shown to be a true chain-transfer agent with some organometallic olefin polymerization catalysts. However, the Mayo equation for chain transfer in free-radical polymerization does not fit quantitative data from organometallic catalysts. There appear to be two reasons for the lack of fit. First, the Mayo equation considers the competition between hydrogen and olefin for the growing chain but does not account for their competitive absorption on the catalyst (coordination with vacant orbitals on the transition metal). Second, some organometallic catalysts gradually absorb hydrogen irreversibly to give a new catalyst species of altered behavior.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1978.170160920
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight distribution in polypropylene glycol 2025 (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: General Papers 1 (1963), S. 1041-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2951
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The new applications of polypropylene glycols as chemical intermediates, particularly in the polyurethane field, have shifted emphasis from purely physical properties, such as density, viscosity, and volatility, to chemical properties, such as hydroxyl content, unsaturation, and molecular weight: Because much interest is also being shown in the uniformity of chain length, i.e., the “molecular purity” of the polypropylene glycol, methods were investigated for measuring this property. A liquid chromatographic procedure has been developed which will yield molecular weight distributions for polypropylene glycols in the 2025 number-average molecular weight range. The results approximate, but do not match, the values obtained by theoretical calculations. Details of the method and a typical distribution curve are presented.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1963.100010317
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  • 5
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    Helios mission support (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Deep Space Network support of the Helios mission is reported. Downlink signal degradation on the Helios-1 spacecraft and occultation of Helios-2 are discussed. Capability and performance of the network are assessed.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 24-27
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    New Insights into the Geology of the Mars Pathfinder Landing Site from Spectral and Morphologic Analysis of the 12-Color Superpan Panorama (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: New analyses of rocks and soils at the Mars Pathfinder landing site have been completed using the full Imager for Mars Pathfinder (IMP) 12- color SuperPan panorama. These revise early conclusions that rocks at the landing site are a single lithology coated only by windblown dust. We conclude instead that there is also a second lithology in addition to the dominant gray rock, and that it is consistent with highlands material excavated from beneath a thin veneer of northern plains; that many rocks have cemented coatings that formed during an early, probably wetter climate; and that young rocks excavated after coating formation ceased are mainly breccias or conglomerates.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Sixth International Conference on Mars; LPI-Contrib-1164
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Field Characterization of the Mineralogy and Organic Chemistry of Carbonates from the 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition by Evolved Gas Analysis (2011)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-06
    Description: The 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition (AMASE) investigated two geologic settings using methodologies and techniques being developed or considered for future Mars missions, such as the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), ExoMars, and Mars Sample Return. The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) [1] instrument suite, which will be on MSL, consists of a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS), a gas chromatograph (GC), and a tunable laser mass spectrometer (TLS); all will be applied to analyze gases created by pyrolysis of samples. During AMASE, a Hiden Evolved Gas Analysis-Mass Spectrometer (EGA-MS) system represented the EGA-MS capability of SAM. Another MSL instrument, CheMin, will use x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) to perform quantitative mineralogical characterization of samples [e.g., 2]. Field-portable versions of CheMin were used during AMASE. AMASE 2010 focused on two sites that represented biotic and abiotic analogs. The abiotic site was the basaltic Sigurdfjell vent complex, which contains Mars-analog carbonate cements including carbonate globules which are excellent analogs for the globules in the ALH84001 martian meteorite [e.g., 3, 4]. The biotic site was the Knorringfjell fossil methane seep, which featured carbonates precipitated in a methane-supported chemosynthetic community [5]. This contribution focuses on EGA-MS analyses of samples from each site, with mineralogy comparisons to CheMin team results. The results give insight into organic content and organic-mineral associations, as well as some constraints on the minerals present.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Sequencing Voyager II for the Uranus encounter (1986)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The process of developing the programmed sequence of events necessary for the Voyager 2 spacecraft to return desired data from its Uranus encounter is discussed. The major steps in the sequence process are reviewed, and the elements of the Mission Sequence Software are described. The design phase and the implementation phase of the sequence process are discussed, and the Computer Command Subsystem architecture is examined in detail. The software's role in constructing the sequences and converting them into onboard programs is elucidated, and the problems unique to the Uranus encounter sequences are considered.
    Keywords: SPACE COMMUNICATIONS, SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATIONS, COMMAND AND TRACKING
    Type: AIAA PAPER 86-2111
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Evidence for Acid-Sulfate Alteration in the Pahrump Hills Region, Gale Crater, Mars (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: The Pahrump Hills region of Gale crater is a approximately 12 millimeter thick section of sedimentary rock in the Murray formation, interpreted as the basal geological unit of Mount Sharp. The Mars Science Laboratory, Curiosity, arrived at the Pahrump Hills in September 2014 and performed a detailed six-month investigation of the sedimentary structures, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the area. During the campaign, Curiosity drilled and delivered three mudstone samples (targets Confidence Hills, Mojave 2, and Telegraph Peak) to its internal instruments, including the CheMin XRD/XRF.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: JSC-CN-34485 , American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting; Dec 14, 2015 - Dec 18, 2015; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Formation of Fe/mg Smectite Under Acidic Conditions from Synthetic Adirondack Basaltic Glass: an Analog to Fe/mg Smectite Formation on Mars (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Smectite has been detected as layered material hundreds of meters thick, in intracrater depositional fans, in plains sediments, and deposits at depth on Mars. If early Mars hosted a dense CO2 atmosphere, then extensive carbonate should have formed in the neutral/alkaline conditions expected for smectite formation. However, large carbonate deposits on Mars have not been discovered. Instead of neutral to moderately alkaline conditions, early Mars may have experienced mildly acidic conditions that allowed for Fe/Mg smectite formation but prevented widespread carbonate formation. The objective of this work is to demonstrate that Fe(II)/Mg saponite and nontronite can form in mildly acidic solutions (e.g., pH 4). Synthetic basaltic glass (〈 53 microns) of Adirondack rock class composition was exposed to pH 4 (acetic acid buffer) and N2 purged (anoxic) solutions amended with 0 and 10 mM Mg or Fe(II). Basaltic glass in these solutions was heated to 200 C in batch reactors for 1, 7, and 14 days. X-ray diffraction analysis of reacted materials detected the presence of phyllosilicates as indicated by a approx. 15.03-15.23Angstroms (001) peak. Smectite was confirmed as the phyllosilicate after treatments with glycerol and KCl and heating to 550 C. Trioctahedral saponite was confirmed by the presence of a 4.58 to 4.63 Angstroms (02l) and 1.54Angstroms (060) peaks. Saponite concentration was highest, as indicated by XRD peak intensity, in the 10 mM Mg treatment followed by the 0 mM and then 10 mM Fe(II) treatments. This order of sapontite concentration suggests that Fe(II) additions may have a role in slowing the kinetics of saponite formation relative to the other treatments. Nontronite synthesis was attempted by exposing Adirondack basaltic glass to pH 4 oxic solutions (without N2 purge) at 200 C for 14 days. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that mixtures of trioctahedral (saponite) and dioctahedral (nontronite) may have formed in these experiments based on the 02l and 060 peaks. Moessbauer analysis coupled with future experiments are planned to verify if nontronite can be formed under mildly acidic and oxic conditions. Results of this work demonstrate that acidic conditions could have occurred on an early Mars, which allowed for smectite formation but inhibited carbonate formation.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: JSC-CN-32097 , AGU Fall Meeting; Dec 15, 2014 - Dec 19, 2014; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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