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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 457 (1986), S. 461-476 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reaction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reaction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reaction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 276 (1977), S. 201-220 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reaction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The VHF band MU radar at Shigaraki, Japan, has been in full operation successfully since April 1985. Dynamical features found primarily in the data obtained by the radar during a one year period from December 1985 to November 1986 are examined. These include: basic wind observations, quasi-monochromatic gravity waves generated by the jet stream or through a geostrophic adjustment process, seasonal variation of the mesoscale wind variability, the momentum flux due to gravity wave motions, and saturated gravity wave spectrum. A short discussion is added to the relationship between turbulent layers and ambient wind field in the mesosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 427-438
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Recent studies have revealed that vertical wave number spectra of wind velocity and temperture fluctuations in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere are fairly well explained by a saturated gravity wave spectrum. But N(2) (N:Brunt-Vaisala (BV) frequency) spectra seem to be better for testing the scaling of the vertical wave number spectra in layers with different stratifications, beause its energy density is proportional only to the background value of N(2), while that for temperature depends on both the BV frequency and the potential temperature. From temperature profiles observed in June to August 1987 over the MU Observatory, Japan, by using a radiosonde with 30 m height resolution, N(2) spectra are determined in the 2 to 8.5 km (troposphere) and 18.5 to 25 km (lower stratosphere) ranges. Although individual spectra show fairly large day-by-day variability, the slope of the median of 34 spectra agrees reasonably with the theoretical value of -1 in the wave number range of 6 x 10(-4) similar to 3 x 10(-3) (c/m). The ratio of the spectral energy between these two height regions is about equal to the ratio of N(2), consistent with the prediction of saturated gravity wave theory.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 461-468
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  • 7
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    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Recently an interesting advancement in the study of nonmigrating tides has occurred. There have been two distinct approaches in works on this subject. One is based on mechanistic models as considering nonuniform global distribution of water vapor or heating only on land, solving a set of linear equations. It is found that insolation absorption of the nonuniformly distributed water vapor produces only weak nonmigrating tides in the lower thermosphere; the planetary boundary layer heating on land can explain the enhanced tides on land and those with short vertical wavelengths in the stratosphere. The other approach is novel and uses simulation on the general circulation model (GCM). This realistic model can reproduce tides globally and in many details. The enhancement of two nonmigrating modes as eastward traveling modes with a wave number 3 and westward traveling modes with a wave number 5 is in surprisingly good agreement with observation at sea level, at 700 mb and even at 300 mb.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 293-302
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The spectral width of the Doppler radar echo has been used to estimate the atmospheric turbulence parameters because it is directly related to the kinetic energy contained in the turbulence. However, sufficient care must be taken in deriving the turbulence parameters since the measured spectral width can be easily affected by undesired factors such as beam broadening, shear broadening, and the temporal variation of the wind field. Here researchers examine these factors in the case of the MU radar observation of the upper troposphere, and present preliminary results.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, Vol. 20; 4 p
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Wind motions were observed at 60 to 90 km altitudes with the MU radar during daylight hours (0800 to 1600 LT) from 13 to 31 October 1986. Quasi-monochromatic gravity waves were evident on 16 of the 19 days of observations. They were characterized by typical vertical wavelength of 5 to 15 km and intrinsic periods centered at about 9 hours. The propagation direction of the gravity waves, determined by the gravity wave dispersion relation, was mostly equatorward. The vertical wave number spectra of the horizontal components of the mesoscale wind fluctuations are explained well by saturated gravity wave theory. The frequency spectrum of vertical wind component has a slope of + 1/3, while the oblique spectra have a slope of -5/3 up to 4 x 10(-3) (c/s); these agree fairly well with model gravity wave spectra. Doppler shift effects on the frequency spectra are recognized at higher frequencies. Upward flux was determined of horizontal momentum flux induced by waves with periods from 10 min to 8 hours, and westward and northward body forces of 5.1 and 4.0 m/s/day, were estimated respectively.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 469-476
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Japan contributed much to MAP in many branches. The MU (middle and upper atmosphere) radar, in operation during the MAP period, produced various novel possibilities in observations of middle atmosphere dynamics; possibilities which were fairly well realized. Gravity wave saturation and its spectrum in the mesosphere were observed successfully. Campaign observations by radars between Kyoto and Adelaide were especially significant in tidal and planetary wave observations. In Antarctica, middle atmosphere observation of the dramatic behavior of aerosols in winter is well elucidated together with the ozone hole. Theoretical and numerical studies have been progressing actively since a time much earlier than MAP. Now it is pointed out that gravity waves play an important role in producing the weak wind region in the stratosphere as well as the mesosphere.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: International Council of Scientific Unions, Middle Atmosphere Program. Handbook for MAP, volume 27; p 4-9
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