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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 26 (1993), S. 489-495 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Tissue preparation ; Animal ; Plant ; Leaf ; Cuticle ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Three different drying methods, critical-point drying (CPD), Peldri II, and hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), were compared using representative animal( rat kidney, trachea, duodenum, lung, and red blood cells) and plant( leaves from ten species of monocotyledons and dicotyledons) specimens. All three drying methods produced identical results with animal specimens. Plant specimens showed signs of shrinkage regardless of which drying method was employed. The order of preservation quality from best to worst for leaves was CPD 〉 Peldri II 〉 HMDS, with the CPD method providing substantially better results in all but one case. Postfixation of leaves with osmium tetroxide resulted in poorer preservation in all instances. Peldri II caused complete extraction of leaf cuticular wax, while both both CPD and HMDS showed minimal extraction compared with samples air dried directly from acetone. These results indicate that HMDS provides a time-saving and inexpensive alternative to CPD for animal specimens. Plant specimens, particularly those containing cells with large central vacuoles, are adequately preserved only with the CPD method. In addition, postfixation with osmium should be avoided when processing plant specimens for scanning electron microscopy. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 13 (1991), S. 1225-1233 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Jets ; Vortex flows ; k-ε model ; Finite volume ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The PHOENICS code has been used to model the flow field surrounding subsonic and underexpanded jets impinging on a ground plane in the presence of a cross-flow, for cases with both a fixed ground plane and a ‘rolling road’. The standard k-ε turbulence model is used, without correction factors. It is confirmed that this overpredicts the free jet entrainment rate; the wall jet spreading rate is slightly underpredicted but the initial thickness is too high. Agreement with experiment is, nevertheless, much better than for previous calculations, showing the importance of the extent of the grid used. The ground vortex formed in cross-flow is shown to move with varying effective velocity ratio and with rolling road operation in the same manner as experimentally observed. Ground vortex self-similarity is also accurately predicted with the numerical modelling.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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