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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 300-301 (1995), S. 1-16 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Experiments ; spatial patterns ; limnology ; oceanography ; philosophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'auteur passe en revue quelques-unes des pratiques habituelles en limnologie et en océanographie et discute des possibilités d'amélioration dans ces domaines. L'examen de 253 articles parus dans le périodique Limnology and Oceanography en 1980, 1985 et 1990 montre que la majorité de ceux-ci (〉60%) est à dominante descriptive, et que l'approche expérimentale n'est utilisée que dans 30% des cas. Parmi les 27% d'articles présentant des modèles, seuls 3% valident ces modèles en utilisant des données de terrain. Un seul parmi les 253 articles présente des critères biologiques de rejet des hypothèses. La discussion porte sur l'importance des études descriptives en limnologie et en océanographie, l'emploi des techniques numériques pour détecter des phénomènes spatio-temporels dans les données, la signification du réductionnisme dans les sciences aquatiques, l'introduction d'hypothèses ad hoc, les critères de choix des sites d'études, des stations et des échantillonnages dans les études littorales et pélagiques, et les stratégies valables lorsqu'une approche expérimentale ne peut être employée en raison de facteurs environnementaux non contrôlables.
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews some of the current practices in limnology and oceanography and discusses ways to improve our habits in these fields. A survey of all 253 articles published in the journal Limnology and Oceanography in 1980, 1985, and 1990 indicates that the majority of papers (〉60%) were predominantly descriptive, only about 30% used an experimental approach. Of the 27% articles presenting models, only 3% validated these models using field data. Only one out of 253 papers presented biological criteria to reject hypotheses. We discuss the significance of descriptive studies in the fields of limnology and oceanography, the use of numerical techniques to detect spatio-temporal patterns in the data, the significance of reductionism in aquatic sciences, the introduction of ad hoc hypotheses, the problem of selecting study sites, stations, and sample locations in shore and pelagic studies, and strategies available when an experimental approach cannot be used because environmental factors cannot be controlled.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2005. This article is posted here by permission of American Institute of Biological Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in BioScience 55 (2005): 501–510, doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0501:CIEACM]2.0.CO;2.
    Description: Creative approaches at the interface of ecology, statistics, mathematics, informatics, and computational science are essential for improving our understanding of complex ecological systems. For example, new information technologies, including powerful computers, spatially embedded sensor networks, and Semantic Web tools, are emerging as potentially revolutionary tools for studying ecological phenomena. These technologies can play an important role in developing and testing detailed models that describe real-world systems at multiple scales. Key challenges include choosing the appropriate level of model complexity necessary for understanding biological patterns across space and time, and applying this understanding to solve problems in conservation biology and resource management. Meeting these challenges requires novel statistical and mathematical techniques for distinguishing among alternative ecological theories and hypotheses. Examples from a wide array of research areas in population biology and community ecology highlight the importance of fostering synergistic ties across disciplines for current and future research and application.
    Description: This paper is the result of a National Science Foundation (NSF) workshop on quantitative environmental and integrative biology (DEB-0092081). J. L. G. would like to acknowledge financial support from the NSF (DEB-0107555).
    Keywords: Ecological complexity ; Quantitative conservation biology ; Cyberinfrastructure ; Metadata ; Semantic Web
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: 577104 bytes
    Format: application/pdf
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