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  • 1
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    Pathfinder Instruments for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observations (PICASSO) (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-12-03
    Description: This paper will describe the planned 3-year Pathfinder Instruments for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observations (PICASSO) mission, its instrumentation and implementation. It will use LITE and other data, plus analyses, to show the feasibility of such a mission. PICASSO is being proposed for NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) program with launch predicted in 2003.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: Nineteenth International Laser Radar Conference; Part 2; 943-944; NASA/CP-1998-207671/PT2
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    On the Feasibility of Studying Shortwave Aerosol Radiative Forcing of Climate Using Dual-Wavelength Aerosol Backscatter Lidar (2000)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: The current low confidence in the estimates of aerosol-induced perturbations of Earth's radiation balance is caused by the highly non-uniform compositional, spatial and temporal distributions of tropospheric aerosols on a global scale owing to their heterogeneous sources and short lifetimes. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that the inclusion of aerosol effects in climate model calculations can improve agreement with observed spatial and temporal temperature distributions. In light of the short lifetimes of aerosols, determination of their global distribution with space-borne sensors seems to be a necessary approach. Until recently, satellite measurements of tropospheric aerosols have been approximate and did not provide the full set of information required to determine their radiative effects. With the advent of active aerosol remote sensing from space (e.g., PICASSO-CENA), the applicability fo lidar-derived aerosol 180 deg -backscatter data to radiative flux calculations and hence studies of aerosol effects on climate needs to be investigated.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: 20th International Laser Radar Conference; Jul 10, 2000 - Jul 14, 2000; Vichy; France
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Global Observations of Aerosols and Clouds from Combined Lidar and Passive Instruments to Improve Radiation Budget and Climate Studies (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Current uncertainties in the effects of clouds and aerosols on the Earth radiation budget limit our understanding of the climate system and the potential for global climate change. Pathfinder Instruments for Cloud and Aerosol Spaceborne Observations - Climatologie Etendue des Nuages et des Aerosols (PICASSO-CENA) is a recently approved satellite mission within NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) program which will address these uncertainties with a unique suite of active and passive instruments. The Lidar In-space Technology Experiment (LITE) demonstrated the potential benefits of space lidar for studies of clouds and aerosols. PICASSO-CENA builds on this experience with a payload consisting of a two-wavelength polarization-sensitive lidar, an oxygen A-band spectrometer (ABS), an imaging infrared radiometer (IIR), and a wide field camera (WFC). Data from these instruments will be used to measure the vertical distributions of aerosols and clouds in the atmosphere, as well as optical and physical properties of aerosols and clouds which influence the Earth radiation budget. PICASSO-CENA will be flown in formation with the PM satellite of the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) to provide a comprehensive suite of coincident measurements of atmospheric state, aerosol and cloud optical properties, and radiative fluxes. The mission will address critical uncertainties iin the direct radiative forcing of aerosols and clouds as well as aerosol influences on cloud radiative properties and cloud-climate radiation feedbacks. PICASSO-CENA is planned for a three year mission, with a launch in early 2003. PICASSO-CENA is being developed within the framework of a collaboration between NASA and CNES.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: 10th Conference on Atmospheric Radiation; 290-293|Atmospheric Radiation; Jun 28, 1999 - Jul 02, 1999; Madison, WI; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Global Modeling of Mineral Dust and its Optical Thickness (1999)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Global distribution of dust in the atmosphere has been simulated using the NASA Goddard chemical transport model (GEOS-CTM) to help retrieve the aerosol optical thickness from TOMS absorbing aerosol index. The model contains a dust module which accounts for sources and removal processes. The transport is driven by the assimilated meteorological fields generated by the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Data Assimilation System (GEOS DAS). One of the key parameters, in the retrieval algorithm of optical thickness from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data, is the vertical profile of aerosols. During the period 10- 19 September 1994, Lidar on-space Technology Experiment (LITE) was flown on space shuttle Discovery. The 53 hours of data collected cover the lower atmosphere from the earth surface to 20 kilometers altitude and from 57 N to 57 S with a high resolution of about 15 meters. The model results are compared with LITE data over the source regions of dust (Africa, Middle East, Asia, Australia) and in the remote troposphere (Atlantic and Pacific). The simulated horizontal distribution is compared with TOMS absorbing aerosol index. Finally the calculated optical thickness will be assessed with ground based sun-photometers (AERONET).
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: May 31, 1999 - Jun 04, 1999; Boston, MA; United States
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  • 5
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    Aerosol Optical Depth Changes in Version 4 CALIPSO Level 2 Product (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) version 4.10 (V4) products were released in November 2016 with substantial enhancements. There have been improvements in the V4 CALIOP level 2 aerosol optical depth (AOD) compared to V3 (version 3) due to various factors. AOD change from V3 to V4 is investigated by separating factors. CALIOP AOD was compared with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) for both V3 and V4.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography; Geophysics; Statistics and Probability; Communications and Radar
    Type: NF1676L-27821 , Annual American Astrophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2017; Dec 11, 2017 - Dec 15, 2017; New Orleans, LA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Selection Algorithm for the CALIPSO Lidar Aerosol Extinction-to-Backscatter Ratio (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The extinction-to-backscatter ratio (S(sub a)) is an important parameter used in the determination of the aerosol extinction and subsequently the optical depth from lidar backscatter measurements. We outline the algorithm used to determine Sa for the Cloud and Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Spaceborne Observations (CALIPSO) lidar. S(sub a) for the CALIPSO lidar will either be selected from a look-up table or calculated using the lidar measurements depending on the characteristics of aerosol layer. Whenever suitable lofted layers are encountered, S(sub a) is computed directly from the integrated backscatter and transmittance. In all other cases, the CALIPSO observables: the depolarization ratio, delta, the layer integrated attenuated backscatter, beta, and the mean layer total attenuated color ratio, gamma, together with the surface type, are used to aid in aerosol typing. Once the type is identified, a look-up-table developed primarily from worldwide observations, is used to determine the S(sub a) value. The CALIPSO aerosol models include desert dust, biomass burning, background, polluted continental, polluted dust, and marine aerosols.
    Keywords: Environment Pollution
    Type: SPIE-6367-22 , SPIE Europe Remote Sensing; Sep 11, 2006 - Sep 14, 2006; Stockholm; Sweden
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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