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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interstitial cells of Cajal in the guinea-pig gastrointestinal tract as revealed by c-Kit immunohistochemistry (1997)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 290 (1997), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Interstitial cells of Cajal ; Gastrointestinal motility ; Enteric nervous system ; Smooth muscle ; Rhythmicity ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-oncogene ; Tyrosine kinase ; Guinea pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) of various morphologies have been described in the gastrointestinal (GI) tracts of mammals. Different classes of ICC are likely to have different functional roles. ICC of the mouse GI tract have been shown to express c-kit, a proto-oncogene that codes for a receptor tyrosine kinase. We have studied the distribution of ICC within the guinea pig GI tract using antibodies to c-Kit protein and immunohistochemical techniques. c-Kit-like immunoreactivity revealed at least 6 types of ICC: (1) intramuscular ICC (IC-IM1) that lie within the muscle layers of the esophagus, stomach, and cecum, (2) ICC within the myenteric plexus region (IC-MY1) in the corpus, antrum, small intestine, and colon,(3) ICC that populate the deep muscular plexus of the small intestine (IC-DMP), (4) ICC at the submucosal surface of the circular muscle layer in the colon (IC-SM), (5) stellate ICC that are closely associated with the myenteric plexus (IC-MY2) and orientated toward the longitudinal muscle layer in the colon, and (6) branching intramuscular ICC (IC-IM2) in the proximal colon within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers. c-Kit immunohistochemistry appears to be an excellent and selective technique for labeling ICC of the guinea-pig GI tract. Labeling of these cells at the light-microscopic level provides an opportunity for characterizing the distribution, density, organization, and relationship between ICC and other cell types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004410050902
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    c-kit-Dependent development of interstitial cells and electrical activity in the murine gastrointestinal tract (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 97-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Gastrointestinal motility ; Enteric nervous system ; Smooth muscle ; Rhythmicity ; Proto-oncogene ; Tyrosine kinase ; Interstitial cells of Cajal ; Mouse (BALB/c)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In vivo injection of a neutralizing, monoclonal antibody (ACK2) to the receptor tyrosine kinase (c-kit) disrupts the normal motility patterns of the mouse small intestine. Immunohistochemical studies showed that cells expressing c-kit-like immunoreactivity (c-kit-LI) decreased in numbers in response to ACK2, but the identity of these cells is unknown. We investigated the identity and development of the cells that express c-kit-LI in the mou se small intestine and colon. Cells in the region of the myenteric plexus and deep muscular plexus of the small intestine and in the subserosa, in the myenteric plexus region, within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, and along the submucosal surface of the circular muscle in the colon were labeled with ACK2. The distribution of cells that express c-kit-LI was the same as that of interstitial cells (ICs). In whole-mount preparations cells with c-kit-LI were interconnected, formin g a network similar to the network formed by cells that stained with methylene blue, which has been used as a marker for ICs in the mouse gastrointestinal tract. Immunocytochemistry verified that ICs were labeled with ACK2. Multiple injections of animals with ACK2 between days 0 and 8 post partum (pp) caused a dramatic reduction in the number of ICs compared to control animals. From an ultrastructural point of view, the proliferation and development appeared to be suppressed in some classes of ICs, while ot hers displayed an altered course of development. Functional studies showed that the decrease in ICs was accompanied by a loss of electrical rhythmicity in the small intestine and reduced neural responses in the small bowel and colon. Morphological experiments showed that c-kit-positive cells are ICs, and physiological evidence reinforced the concept that ICs are involved in generation of rhythmicity and translation of neural inputs in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Controlling the development of ICs provides a powerful new tool for the investigation of the physiological role of these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304515
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    c-kit-Dependent development of interstitial cells and electrical activity in the murine gastrointestinal tract (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 97-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Gastrointestinal motility ; Enteric nervous system ; Smooth muscle ; Rhythmicity ; Proto-oncogene ; Tyrosine kinase ; Interstitial cells of Cajal ; Mouse (BALB/c)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In vivo injection of a neutralizing, monoclonal antibody (ACK2) to the receptor tyrosine kinase (c-kit) disrupts the normal motility patterns of the mouse small intestine. Immunohistochemical studies showed that cells expressing c-kit-like immunoreactivity (c-kit-LI) decreased in numbers in response to ACK2, but the identity of these cells is unknown. We investigated the identity and development of the cells that express c-kit-LI in the mouse small intestine and colon. Cells in the region of the myenteric plexus and deep muscular plexus of the small intestine and in the subserosa, in the myenteric plexus region, within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers, and along the submucosal surface of the circular muscle in the colon were labeled with ACK2. The distribution of cells that express c-kit-LI was the same as that of interstitial cells (ICs). In whole-mount preparations cells with c-kit-LI were interconnected, forming a netword similar to the network formed by cells that stained with methylene blue, which has been used as a marker for ICs in the mouse gastrointestinal tract. Immunocytochemistry verified that ICs were labeled with ACK2. Multiple injections of animals with ACK2 between days 0 and 8 post partum (pp) caused a dramatic reduction in the number of ICs compared to control animals. From an ultrastructural point of view, the proliferation and development appeared to be suppressed in some classes of ICs, while others displayed an altered course of development. Functional studies showed that the decrease in ICs was accompanied by a loss of electrical rhythmicity in the small intestine and reduced neural responses in the small bowel and colon. Morphological experiments showed that c-kit-positive cells are ICs, and physiological evidence reinforced the concept that ICs are involved in generation of rhythmicity and translation of neural inputs in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. Controlling the development of ICs provides a powerful new tool for the investigation of the physiological role of these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00304515
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of nitric oxide synthase in canine ileocolonic and pyloric sphincters (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 275 (1994), S. 513-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Nitric oxide synthase ; NADPH-diaphorase ; Gastroduodenal sphincter ; Ileocolonic sphincter ; Enteric nervous system ; Gastromtestinal tract ; Dog
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of neurons containing NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) activity and nitric oxide synthase-like immunoreactivity (NOS-LI) in the canine pyloric and ileocolonic sphincters was studied. Cells within the myenteric and submucosal ganglia were positive for NADPH-d. These cells generally had the morphology of Dogiel type-I enteric neurons, however, there was some diversity in the morphology of NADPH-d-positive neurons in the myenteric plexus of the pylorus. Intramuscular ganglia were observed in both sphincters, and NADPH-d was found in a sub-population of neurons within these ganglia. Dual staining with an antiserum raised against nitric oxide synthase (NOS) demonstrated that almost all cells with NOS-LI were also NADPH-d positive. Varicose fibers within ganglia and within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers also possed NOS-LI and NADPH-d activity. Dual staining with anti-VIP antibodies showed that some of the NADPH-d-positive cells in the myenteric and submucosal ganglia also contained VIP-LI, but all VIP-LI-positive cells did not express NADPH-d activity. These data are consistent with recent physiological studies suggesting that nitric oxide serves as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the pyloric and ileocolonic sphincters. The data also suggest that VIP is expressed in a sub-population of NADPH-d-positive neurons and may therefore act as a co-transmitter in enteric inhibitory neurotransmission to these specialized muscular regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318820
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