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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3)
  • Enseñanza de las ciencias y de las humanidades  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Gold complexes ; Silver complexes ; Palladium complexes ; S-Donor ; Thiones ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: AgClO4 reacts with bidentate ligands 2-(methylthio)pyridine (SMepy) or complexes PPN[Au(Spy)2] [PPN = N(PPh3)2, HSpy = pyridine-2(1H)-thione) or PPN[Au(Sbz)2] (HSbz = benzoxazole-2(3H)-thione), themselves acting as ligands, to give dinuclear complexes [Ag2(μ-SMepy)2](ClO4)2 (1), [AgAu(μ-Spy)2] (2), or [AgAu(μ-Sbz)2] (3), respectively. By treating 1 with [AuCl(tht)] (tht = tetrahydrothiophene), [Au(SMepy)(tht)]ClO4 (4) is obtained which, in turn, reacts with SMepy to give [Au(SMepy)2]ClO4 (5). Similarly, [PdCl2(NCPh)2] reacts with SMepy in 1:1 molar ratio to give [Pd2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(SMepy)2] (6) which reacts with SMepy in 1:2 molar ratio to give [PdCl2(SMepy)2] (7). On the other hand, HSpy reacts with Ag2CO3 to give [Ag2(μ-Spy)2] (8), and (SMepyH)ClO4 reacts with [Au(acac)PPh3] (acacH = acetyl-acetone) to give [Au(SMepy)PPh3]ClO4 (9).
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Gold ; Mercury ; Nitroaryl ; Transmetallation ; Biaryl ; C-C Coupling ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 4-Butoxynitrobenzene reacts with [Hg(O2CCF3)2] and LiCl to give [Hg(R)Cl] [R = C6H3NO2-3, OnBu-6 (1)] which is symmetrized by Me4NCl to give [HgR2] (2), the crystal structure of which has been determined. The reaction of 2 with Me4N[AuCl4] affords Me4N[Au(R)Cl3] (3) by a facile transmetallation process. Complex 3 reacts with PPh3 (1:1) to give cis-[Au(R)(PPh3)Cl2] (4). The diaryl complex [-Ph-2)(R)Cl] (5) is obtained by reaction of 3 with [Hg-(C6H4N=NPh-2)2] through a second transmetallation reaction. Complex 5 and PPh3 (1:1) give [AuClPPh3] and the C-C coupling biphenyl RC6H4N=NPh-2 (6).
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Synthesis aryl complexes of gold(III) ; Mercury(II) as transmetallating agent ; X-ray crystal structure ; Ketonylgold(III) complex ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The formylarylmercury(II) complex [Hg{C6H(CHO)-6-(OMe)3-2,3,4}2] reacts with 4-butylaniline (1:2) to give [Hg{C6H(CH=NC6H4C4H9-4′)-6-(OMe) 3-2,3,4}2] (1) by a condensation reaction. This complex reacts with Me4-N[AuCl4] (1:1) to give [Hg{C6H(CH=NC6H4C4H9-4′)-6-(OMe) 3-2,3,4}Cl] (2) and the monoarylgold(III) compound cis-C6H4-nBu-4′)-6-(OMe)3-2,3,4}Cl2] (3). This complex reacts with PPh3 (1:1) to give the adduct cis-[Au{C6H(CH=NC6H4-n, Bu-4′)-6-(OMe)3-2,3,4}Cl2(PPh3)] (4) and with AgClO4 (1:1) in acetone to give the ketonyl complex cis-[C6H4-nBu-4′)-6- (OMe)3-2,3,4}-{CH2C(O)Me}Cl] (5). cis-Me4N[Au(C6H4NO2-2)2Cl 2] react with [Hg{C6H3(N=NC6H4OMe-4′)-2-(OMe)-5}Cl] and Me4NCl (1:1:1) to give cis-[C6H4OMe-4′)-2- (OMe)-5}(C6H4NO2-2)2] (6): Similarly, cis-Me4N-[Au(C6H4CF3-2)2 Cl2] (7), obtained by treating [Hg(C6H4CF3-2)2] with Me4N[AuCl4] and Me4NCl (1:1:1), reacts with [Hg(C6H4CH2NMe2-2)Cl] and Me4NCl (1:1:1) to give the triarylgold(III) complex cis-[Me2-2)(C6H4CF3-2)2] (8). This complex can also be obtained by treating cis-[Me2-2)Cl2] with [Hg(C6H4CF3-2)2] and Me4NCl (1:1:1). The crystal structure of 3 reveals the presence of two independent molecules, in one of which the butylphenyl group is disordered. The geometry at the gold atom is square planar; distortions may be attributed to the narrow bite angle and steric repulsion between a chloride ligand and the ortho-methoxy group. The greater trans influence of the aryl ligand causes a great difference in Au-Cl bond lengths.
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The book “Modern classrooms. New perspectives on the reform of secondary education at the time of the JAE” aims to provide a renewed focus on the development of secondary education in Spanish society of the first third of the 20th century, focusing attention on reforms and innovations promoted by the Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones científicas (Board for Advanced Studies and Scientific Research) to improve the quality of that education level. The nine contributions in the work offer new knowledge about two important aspects of these reforms and innovations. On the one hand, new information about the renewing work of a large group of professors who introduced innovations in teaching practice of subjects such as natural history, geography, psychology, and language and literature. On the other hand, several case studies are presented to publicize the considerable effort made by the Spanish Second Republic to improve the quality of secondary education and increase decisively schooling rates by opening their classrooms to the women. In this multifaceted work have come together historians of science and education with the aim of helping better understand the Spanish public educational system and the history of their secondary education, which for too long has been the "poor cousin" of the historical-educational research. = El libro Aulas modernas. Nuevas perspectivas sobre las reformas de la enseñanza secundaria en la época de la JAE pretende ofrecer un renovado enfoque sobre el desarrollo de la enseñanza secundaria en la sociedad española del primer tercio del siglo XX, concentrando su atención en las reformas e innovaciones promovidas por la Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas para mejorar la calidad de ese nivel educativo. Las nueve contribuciones de la obra aportan nuevos conocimientos sobre dos aspectos significativos de esas reformas e innovaciones. Por una parte se ofrece relevante información sobre la labor de un amplio grupo de profesores que introdujeron innovaciones en la práctica docente de asignaturas como las ciencias naturales, la geografía, la psicología, y la lengua y literatura. Por otro lado se presentan diversos análisis de casos para dar a conocer el considerable esfuerzo efectuado por la Segunda República para elevar la calidad de la enseñanza secundaria e incrementar las tasas de escolarización abriendo sus aulas a las mujeres de manera decidida. Esta obra poliédrica, donde han confluido historiadores de la ciencia y de la educación, pretende por tanto ayudar a conocer mejor el sistema educativo público español y la historia de su educación secundaria que durante largo tiempo ha sido el “pariente pobre” de la investigación histórico-educativa.
    Keywords: LA5-2396 ; DP1-402 ; History of contemporary Spain ; High-schools ; Junta para Ampliación de Estudios e Investigaciones Científicas ; Historia de España contemporánea ; Institutos ; History of secondary education ; JAE ; Teachers ; Profesores ; Enseñanza de las ciencias y de las humanidades ; Teaching science and humanities ; Historia de la educación secundaria
    Language: Spanish
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