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  • 1
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    Effect of climate on the storage and turnover of carbon in soils (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Climate is, in many instances, the dominant variable controlling the storage of carbon in soils. It has proven difficult, however, to determine how soil properties influenced by climate, such as soil temperature and soil moisture, actually operate to determine the rates of accumulation and decomposition of soil organic matter. Our approach has been to apply a relatively new tool, the comparison of C-14 in soil organic matter from pre- and post-bomb soils, to quantify carbon turnover rates along climosequences. This report details the progress made toward this end by work under this contract.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-CR-196278 , NAS 1.26:196278
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Effect of land use change on the carbon cycle in Amazon soils (1994)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The overall goal of this study was to provide a quantitative understanding of the cycling of carbon in the soils associated with deep-rooting Amazon forests. In particular, we wished to apply the understanding gained by answering two questions: (1) what changes will accompany the major land use change in this region, the conversion of forest to pasture? and (2) what is the role of carbon stored deeper than one meter in depth in these soils? To construct carbon budgets for pasture and forest soils we combined the following: measurements of carbon stocks in above-ground vegetation, root biomass, detritus, and soil organic matter; rates of carbon inputs to soil and detrital layers using litterfall collection and sequential coring to estimate fine root turnover; C-14 analyses of fractionated SOM and soil CO2 to estimate residence times; C-13 analyses to estimate C inputs to pasture soils from C-4 grasses; soil pCO2, volumetric water content, and radon gradients to estimate CO2 production as a function of soil depth; soil respiration to estimate total C outputs; and a model of soil C dynamics that defines SOM fractions cycling on annual, decadal, and millennial time scales.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-CR-195168 , NAS 1.26:195168
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Human impacts on soil carbon dynamics of deep-rooted Amazonian forests and effect of land use change on the carbon cycle in Amazon soils (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The main objective of these NASA-funded projects is to improve our understanding of land-use impacts on soil carbon dynamics in the Amazon Basin. Soil contains approximately one half of tropical forest carbon stocks, yet the fate of this carbon following forest impoverishment is poorly studied. Our mechanistics approach draws on numerous techniques for measuring soil carbon outputs, inputs, and turnover time in the soils of adjacent forest and pasture ecosystems at our research site in Paragominas, state of Para, Brazil. We are scaling up from this site-specific work by analyzing Basin-wide patterns in rooting depth and rainfall seasonality, the two factors that we believe should explain much of the variation in tropical soil carbons dynamics. In this report, we summarize ongoing measurements at our Paragominas study site, progress in employing new field data to understand soil C dynamics, and some surprising results from our regional, scale-up work.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-CR-191219 , NAS 1.26:191219
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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