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  • GEOPHYSICS  (3)
  • ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION  (1)
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  • 1
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    The inversion of aureole measurements to derive aerosol size distributions (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An iterative method to invert size distributions from simulated scattered radiance measurements at small angles from the sun has been investigated. The inferred size distributions were represented by piecewise linear and cubic spline functions. Various relevant characteristics were investigated and it was found that: (1) the inverted size distribution was insensitive to the number of knots in the piecewise linear spline; (2) within the range of sensitivity, the choice of initial guess had little effect on the inverted size distribution; (3) five per cent random noise in the simulated radiances appreciably deteriorated the result but variations are still tolerable when compared with other methods for determining size distributions; (4) the inverted distribution was insensitive to the index of refraction used in the kernel for particle radii greater than 1 micron; (5) the choice of wavelength between 0.40 and 0.70 microns has a negligible effect on the inverted distribution; (6) a range of tropospheric aerosol size distributions gives acceptable inverted results; and (7) the cubic spline representation can give reasonable inverted distributions, but may become unstable.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 32; Mar. 197
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Derivation of phase functions from multiply scattered sunlight transmitted through a hazy atmosphere (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The intensity of sunlight multiply scattered in model atmospheres is derived from the equation of radiative transfer by an analytical small-angle approximation. The approximate analytical solutions are compared to rigorous numerical solutions of the same problem. Results obtained from an aerosol-laden model atmosphere are presented. Agreement between the rigorous and the approximate solutions is found to be within a few per cent. The analytical solution to the problem which considers an aerosol-laden atmosphere is then inverted to yield a phase function which describes a single scattering event at small angles. The effect of noisy data on the derived phase function is discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 32; Mar. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The determination of atmospheric trace gases using the correlation interferometer technique (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The theoretical feasibility inherent in the correlation interferometry technique is demonstrated. High signal to noise and increased information content in a given partial interferogram are attractive features of the technique. The separation of interfering gas species is overcome by a precise measurement program for spectral line parameters of methane and other species. There are optical, mechanical, and electronic difficulties with the interferometry hardware design. Flight data from Cessna 402 over southeastern Virginia during April 1978 yielded amplitude fluctuations that are explainable only as internal nonlinearities. Misalignment of the AGC/interferometer optical axis also contributed to a large error source in the flight data. It is concluded that no useful data on gas burdens was obtained from these flights.
    Keywords: ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
    Type: NASA-CR-162480 , GSTR-79-9
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    ATMOS Spacelab 1 science investigation (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Existing infrared spectra from high speed interferometer balloon flights were analyzed and experimental analysis techniques applicable to similar data from the ATMOS experiment (Spacelab 3) were investigated. Specific techniques under investigation included line-by-line simulation of the spectra to aid in the identification of absorbing gases, simultaneous retrieval of pressure and temperature profiles using carefully chosen pairs of CO2 absorption lines, and the use of these pressures and temperatures in the retrieval of gas concentration profiles for many absorbing species. A search for a new absorption features was also carried out, and special attention was given to identification of absorbing gases in spectral bandpass regions to be measured by the halogen occultation experiment.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-80465
    Format: application/pdf
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