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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiline varieties and disease control (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1985), S. 463-474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Multiline varieties ; Disease control ; “Dirty crop” approach ; Evolution ; Pathogens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A general model for the evolution of pathogen populations on mixtures or multilines is developed. This model is used to extend previous analyses of the effects of the widespread cultivation of multilines on the evolution of virulence in obligate parasites to mixtures of lines carrying different numbers of resistance genes. It is concluded that the composition of an equilibrium pathogen population growing on a multiline may vary within wide limits and the prinicipal determinant of its composition is the number of components in the multiline and the resistance genes they carry. Other factors of importance are (i) the relative contribution made by each host class (with different numbers of resistance genes) to the pathogen spore pool each generation; (ii) the levels of ‘stabilizing selection’ against unnecessary virulence genes; and (iii) the way in which unnecessary genes for virulence combine to reduce pathogen fitness. Conditions for the fixation of avirulent biotypes in the pathogen population and the evolution of a pathogen superrace are given for multilines of various compositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251086
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exact tests for association between alleles at arbitrary numbers of loci (1995)
    Springer
    Genetica 96 (1995), S. 169-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: exact tests ; allelic association ; Hardy-Weinberg ; linkage disequilibrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Associations between allelic frequencies, within and between loci, can be tested for with an exact test. The probability of the set of multi-locus genotypes in a sample, conditional on the allelic counts, is calculated from multinomial theory under the hypothesis of no association. Alleles are then permuted and the conditional probability calculated for the permuted genotypic array. The proportion of arrays no more probable than the original sample provides the significance level for the test. An algorithm is provided for counting genotypes efficiently in the arrays, and the powers of the test presented for various kinds of association. The powers for the case when associations are generated by admixture of several populations suggest that exact tests are capable of detecting levels of association that would affect forensic calculations to a significant extent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01441162
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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