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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (73)
  • D1-2009  (38)
  • thema EDItEUR::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::D Biography, Literature and Literary studies::DN Biography and non-fiction prose  (38)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: β-glucosidase ; Kluyveromyces fragilis ; DNA sequence ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The complete nucleotide sequence of the β-glucosidase gene of Kluyveromyces fragilis has been determined. This sequence contains an open reading frame of 2535 base pairs encoding a protein of 845 amino acids. Analysis of the transcription products revealed only one transcript of about 3 kb identical in both Kluyveromyces fragilis and in the expression host Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The protein molecular weight of 93,811 Kd deduced from the sequence is consistent with the 90,000 Kd determined by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with the purified protein. Mapping of the starts of transcription shows that two starting points are used in the natural host Kluyveromyces fragilis. A comparison of the amino acid sequence with that of other β-glucosidases revealed three regions of homology. One of these regions contains an amino acid sequence very similar to a peptide isolated from the active site of β-glucosidase A3 from Aspergillus wentii and could be implicated in the catalytic mechanism of these glucolytic enzymes.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: phospholipase A2 ; lipocortins ; phosphorylations ; actin-binding ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Four calcium and phospholipid binding proteins purified from mononuclear cells were characterized for PKC and EGF phosphorylation, actin binding capacity, and partial tissue distribution. Those named 35K, 32K, and 73K are equivalent, respectively, to lipocortin III, endonexin II and the 67 kDa calelectrin; 36K is a fragment of 73K. After purification, 35K and 73K were phosphorylated by protein kinase C in vitro but 36K nor 32K were not. None were phosphorylated by the epidermal growth factor receptor kinase in vitro; 73K bound F-actin in a calcium-dependent manner, whereas 35K, 36K, and 32K did not. Using Western blotting analysis, 32K and 73K were detected in high amounts in human lymphocytes, monocytes, liver, and placenta and in rat adrenal medulla; but 32K was not detected in polymorphonuclear cells, and 36K and 35K were detected in high amounts only, respectively, in human blood lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear cells. Thus, 32K and 73K appear to have a wide tissue distribution, whereas 35K has a much more restricted distribution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Cell cycle regulation ; Spindle formation ; M phase-promoting factor ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Short-term exposure to okadaic acid (OA), a specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, induced resumpton of meiosis, including metaphase spindle formation, in mouse oocytes treated with a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, while long incubations with OA arrested oocyte maturation at a step prior to spindle formation. To explore the basis for this difference, the overall patterns of protein synthesis and phosphorylation and the production of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), the synthesis of which is induced after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), were analyzed under various OA treatments. Short-term exposure to OA led to tPA production and did not greatly affect the maturation-associated changes in protein phosphorylation. By contrast, a long application of OA did not result in tPA production and induced more marked changes in protein phosphorylation.Microinjection into prophase oocytes of the the product of the fission yeast gene p13suc1, known to inhibit p34cdc2 kinase activation and/or activity, prevented meiotic reinitiation. This effect was overcome by microinjection of OA, at concentrations higher than those required for induction of maturation in the absence of p13suc1. These observations suggest that inhibition of phosphatase 1 or 2A or both triggers meiotic resumption by acting at the same site or at a site proximal to the p13suc1-sensitive step of cdc2 kinase activation. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: calmodulin ; cAMP-dependent protein kinases ; sperm structural anomalies ; cell motility ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Calmodulin concentration and cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity have been determined in human sperm samples. No significant differences have been noticed in the motility index of two groups of sperm samples differing in their intracellular concentration of calmodulin. It was however found that a low intracellular clamodulin concentration is frequently associated with particular anomalies of the head and tail region. In contrast, a positive correlation has been demonstrated between the motility index and the whole extractable cAMP-dependent protein activity of the different sperm samples. In suspension s, When the cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity was measured on intact sperm suspensions, a positive correlation between the activity and the motility index was also found.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Yeast vectors ; Cosmids ; nif genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two vectors, termed pG63.11 (7.6 Kb) and pHCG3 (9.6 Kb), suitable for yeast transformation have been constructed. The pHCG3 vector has cosmid properties. Both vectors contain a single 3.3 Kb EcoRI-HindIII fragment of yeast origin which carries the yeast URA3 gene (1.1 Kb) and the origin of replication of the 2 µm plasmid (2.2 Kb). They confer ampicillin resistance and they contain 5 unique EcoRI,HpaI,HindIII,BamHI and SalI restriction sites. Cosmid pHCG3 was used to clone the nitrogen fixation (nif) gene cluster of Klebsiella pneumoniae carried by twoHindIII fragments of 17 and 26 Kb, respectively. The resulting cosmid, termed pGPC875 (53 Kb) which conferred a Nif+ phenotype to Escherichia coli, was introduced in yeast by transformation. No acetylene reduction activity was detectable in the transformants. However it was shown that the entire information for nitrogen fixation can be replicated and maintained intact in yeast for more than 50 generations of growth.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: RNA splicing ; Maturase ; Recombinase ; Mitochondria ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary When the bI4 RNA maturase, encoded by the fourth intron of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, was expressed in Escherichia coli, formation of intra-chromosomal Lac+ recombinants was stimulated threefold. This “hyper-rec” phenotype was recA as well as recBCD dependent. The most active form of the bI4 maturase stimulated homologous recombination whereas splicing deficient mutants of bI4 maturase were either deficient in or unable to stimulate homologous recombination.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Transcription factor ; Zinc finger ; Multidrug resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract TheSaccharomyces cerevisiae PDR3 gene, located near the centromere of chromosome II, has been completely sequenced and characterised. Mutationspdr3-1 andpdr3-2, which confer resistance to several antibiotics can be complemented by a wild-type allele of the PDR3 gene. The sequence of the wild-typePDR3 gene revealed the presence of a long open reading frame capable of encoding a 976-amino acid protein. The protein contains a single Zn(II)2Cys6 binuclear-type zinc finger homologous to the DNA-binding motifs of other transcriptional activators from lower eukaryotes. Evidence that the PDR3 protein is a transcriptional activator was provided by demonstrating that DNA-bound LexA-PDR3 fusion proteins stimulate expression of a nearby promoter containing LexA binding sites. The use of LexA-PDR3 fusions revealed that the protein contains two activation domains, one localised near the N-terminal, cysteine-rich domain and the other localised at the C-terminus. The salient feature of the PDR3 protein is its similarity to the protein coded byPDR1, a gene responsible forpleiotropicdrugresistance. The two proteins show 36% amino acid identity over their entire length and their zinc finger DNA-binding domains are highly conserved. The fact that the absence of both PDR1 and PDR3 (simultaneous disruption of the two genes) enhances multidrug sensitivity strongly suggests that the two transcriptional factors have closely related functions.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 201 (1989), S. 119-129 
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The aquiferous system of representatives of the orders Dictyocer-atida, Dendroceratida, and Verongida has been studied to note its relevance to the systematics of the groups. The volume of the choanocyte chamber, the size and shape of the choanocytes, the number of choanocytes per chamber, the relative development of the mesohyl, and the features of endopinacocytes are estimated from scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations of representatives of most families of the three orders. Although the Dysideidae have a reticulate skeleton and were classified in the order Dictyoceratida, they are actually closer to the Aplysillidae (Dendroceratida) than to dictyoceratids. The anatomy and cytology of the Halisarcidae differ profoundly from those of these three orders and are clearly more closely related to nonkeratose sponges. Some changes in classification lead to a pattern with highly homogeneous orders that clearly differ in their anatomic and cytologic features, which does not support the hypothesis of a common origin of the “keratose” sponges.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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