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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The involvement of F-actin inUromyces cell differentiation: The effects of cytochalasin E and phalloidin (1986)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 135 (1986), S. 88-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Uromyces ; Differentiation ; Cytoskeleton ; Actin ; Cytochalasin E ; Phalloidin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The role of F-actin in cell differentiation ofUromyces appendiculatus (bean rust fungus) germlings was examined by treating differentiating and nondifferentiating germlings with the actin-binding drugs cytochalasin E (CE) and phalloidin. Prolonged exposure of urediospores to 5×10−3–5 × 10−5 M CE induced nuclear division in up to 28–45% of the resulting germlings, whereas the rate of mitosis in established germlings exposed to these concentrations of CE was significantly lower (4–11%). Germlings treated with CE shifted from polarized apical growth to spherical expansion, cytoplasmic microfilaments were depolymerized, and nuclear inclusions became enlarged. Differentiating germlings exposed to a 10 minute pulse of 5×10−6M CE before the initiation of septum formation prevented the establishment of the F-actin septal ring and growth of the crosswall delimiting the appressorium. Although these CE treatments resulted in morphological and nuclear events similar to those occurring during normal appressorium formation, transient microfilament depolymerization was not sufficient to induce differentiation. Phalloidin stabilized cytoplasmic microfilaments, especially posteriorly-located microfilaments, but did not affect differentiation, nor did it significantly inhibit the effects of CE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01277002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoskeletal organization inUromyces urediospore germling apices during appressorium formation (1991)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 165 (1991), S. 37-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Bean rust fungus ; F-actin ; Laser scanning confocal microscopy ; Microtubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Formation of appressoria inUromyces appendiculatus is triggered by external physical features of host stomata as well as artifical surfaces bearing inductive topographies. Microtubule and F-actin microfilament cytoskeletons were examined for their involvement in the process of appressorium formation in this fungus, using laser scanning confocal and electron microscopy. In germlings not stimulated to form appressoria the microtubule and microfilament cytoskeletons were organized as filaments mostly oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell. Following contact of the germling apex with an inductive topographical signal, e.g., 0.5 μm high ridge, the microtubules and F-actin filaments in the cell apex nearest the substrate appeared randomly oriented. Microtubules farther from the substrate remained oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell. In later stages of appressorium development, many cytoskeletal elements became oriented parallel to the inductive ridge, especially near the substrate. In regions farther from the substrate in these same cells, the microtubules and microfilaments were arranged in a reticulate pattern. Changes in the distribution and organization of the microtubule and F-actin microfilament cytoskeletons reflect a change in cell function following signal reception for appressorium. The reorientation of the cytoskeleton likely dictates the change in cell morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322275
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microtubule cytoskeleton in hyphae ofUromyces phaseoli germlings: Its relationship to the region of nucleation and to the F-actin cytoskeleton (1985)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 124 (1985), S. 112-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cytoskeleton ; Immunocytochemistry ; Microfilaments ; Microtubules ; Microtubule organizing center ; Uromyces phaseoli
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The microtubule and F-actin cytoskeleton of nondifferentiated germlings ofUromyces phaseoli was studied using immunofluorescence methodologies. The microtubules were oriented mostly parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hypha. Microtubule depolymerizing agents, such as cold, demecolcine, griseofulvin and nocodazole, were effective in destroying the microtubule network, but not the F-actin system. Repolymerization of microtubules, following release from these agents, occurred first in the hyphal apices and not near the nuclei or spindle pole bodies. It was concluded that the microtubule nucleating region in such fungal cells is located in the apical regions. Enhanced microtubule arrays were visualized following incubation of the cells in taxol, an agent known to favor microtubule polymerization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279730
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