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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of specific genes in early mouse embryos blocked by cytochalasin (1987)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 196 (1987), S. 376-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Mouse embryogenesis ; Cytochalasin ; Phosphoglycerate kinase ; Glucosephosphate isomerase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mouse embryos at the two cell stage derived from C57BL/6 × C3H/Aa F1-females heterozygous at the X-linked phosphoglycerate kinase locus (Pgk-1) were cultured continuously in the presence of cytochalasin B or D. Further cleavage of the two cell embryos was thus prevented and the embryos became polyploid during culture. The onset of expression of the maternally inherited Pgk-1 gene and of the paternally inherited glucosephosphate isomerase (Gpi-1) gene was determined in these polyploid embryos by cellulose acetate gel electrophoresis of single embryos. In contrast to euploid preimplantation embryos developing normally in utero or in culture without cytochalasins, expression of maternal Pgk-1 was never observed at days 4 and 5 of gestation in polyploid two cell embryos, showing that the Pgk-1 allele on the maternally inherited X chromosome is not activated independently of cytokinesis and morphogenesis. Expression of paternally derived Gpi-1, however, occurred in cleavage blocked embryos von day 5 of development. This may indicate that the activation of two genes which are both expressed during preimplantation development and which both code for glycolytic enzymes, is initiated by different signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375775
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme patterns in trisomy 19 of the mouse (1981)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 2 (1981), S. 291-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: mouse ; trisomy ; gene dosage ; enzyme activity pattern ; phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) ; glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) ; isozyme ; developmental pattern ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Activity patterns of cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism have been measured in murine trisomy 19. In spite of marked hypoplasia, no significant alterations of the patterns (per gram of organ weight) were observed, with the exception of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT-1), and phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM). Clear-cut gene dosage effects in liver, brain, heart, skeletal muscle, and erythrocytes of fetal and newborn mice, confirm the assignment of GOT-1 to chromosome 19. Data obtained for PGAM demonstrate that one of the two different subunits leading to organ-specific isozyme patterns of the dimer enzyme protein is coded on chromosome 19 (gene Pgam-1). Dosage effects are fully expressed in liver, brain, and erythrocytes (AA-type isozyme), but not in skeletal muscle (BB-type isozyme). Dosage effects on the hybrid AA-AB-BB-isozyme pattern in the course of development of the heart muscle, were demonstrated by means of quantitative activity measurement after electrophoretic separation. The comparison of enzyme patterns of eusomic and trisomic erythrocytes, produced after injection of fetal stem cells into irradiated adult carriers (transplantation chimaeras), revealed enzyme activity ratios that were similar to those produced by erythrocytes of adult euploid and trisomic mice. This is in agreement with the chromosome assignments and dosage effects mentioned above.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020020307
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